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題名 | 高山症的診斷與治療=Diagnosis and Treatment for High Altitude Illness |
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作者姓名(中文) | 李敏凡; 鍾慧; 官玫秀; | 書刊名 | 藥學雜誌 |
卷期 | 35:4=141 2019.12[民108.12] |
頁次 | 頁26-30 |
分類號 | 412.84 |
關鍵詞 | 急性高山症; 高原性腦水腫; 高原性肺水腫; Acute mountain sickness; High altitude pulmonary edema; High altitude cerebral edema; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 高山症是攀登海拔2,500 公尺以上高山常見的症狀,主要原因是人體適應高海拔 的低壓環境和血氧濃度下降,自然引起體內一連串神經內分泌系統及血液動力學的 變化。高山症會影響所有年齡、族群和性別,且不論身體狀況健康與否皆有可能發 生,因此需在登入高海拔地區前開始服用預防藥物,首選藥物為 acetazolamide,若對 acetazolamide 過敏則可改用 dexamethasone。中度高山症治療藥物為 acetazolamide, 中到重度則為 dexamethasone。根據 Wang X 等人於2018 年發表的研究結果:使用吸 入性支氣管擴張劑 ipratropium bromide 0.5 mg 合併 salbutamol sulfate 3.0 mg 可有效降 低72 小時內急性高山症發生之機率。熟知高山症早期徵兆,遇到緊急狀況時的應對 措施,是將傷害降至最低的原則。 |
英文摘要 | High altitude illness (HAI) is a group of symptoms when ascending to or being at a new high altitude higher than 2,500 meters above sea level. The main reason is that the human body will adapts to the high altitude with low pressure and low blood oxygen concentration, which naturally causes a series of neuroendocrine and hemodynamic changes. HAI affects all ages, ethnic groups and genders, and it is possible to happen to regardless of any physical condition. Regarding the prophylactic medications before entering high altitude areas, the preferred medication is acetazolamide and the alternative is dexamethasone if allergy to acetazolamide. Pharmacologic treatment for mild to moderate HAI is acetazolamide, and for mild to severe HAI is dexamethasone. According to the results published by Wang X et al. in 2018, the use of inhaled bronchodilator ipratropium bromide 0.5 mg combined with salbutamol sulfate 3.0 mg can effectively reduce the incidence of acute mountain sickness within 72 hours. Be familiar with early signs of HAI and how to cope with emergency situation is the principle of minimizing the damage of HAI. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。