頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 2014年臺灣鼬獾及白鼻心暴露後民眾接受狂犬病預防處置調查報告=Investigation of Human Exposure and Rabies Postexposure Treatment to Gem-Faced Civets And Ferret-Badgers in Taiwan, 2014 |
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作者 | 黃琳晶; 鄔豪欣; 黃婉婷; 陳學儒; 魏欣怡; 劉明經; 紀錦昇; | 書刊名 | 疫情報導 |
卷期 | 34:19 2018.10.09[民107.10.09] |
頁次 | 頁309-316 |
分類號 | 412.4 |
關鍵詞 | 狂犬病; 鼬獾; 白鼻心; 預防處置; Rabies; Post-exposure prevention; PEP; Gem-faced civets; Ferret-badgers; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 國內於2014年12月23日確診首例狂犬病陽性之白鼻心,為了解白鼻心此新興狂犬病感染動物之暴露民眾特徵及暴露情境,並與遭鼬獾暴露者進行分析,本調查針對自2014年1至12月間因暴露於鼬獾或白鼻心而至少接受一劑狂犬病暴露後預防疫苗處置之民眾以問卷進行電話訪問。共57名民眾納入分析,含24名白鼻心暴露者及33名鼬獾暴露者,年齡範圍在17至82歲間(中位數51歲),男性38名(67%)。白鼻心暴露民眾以男性比例較高(22名,92%,p < 0.01)、年齡偏輕(中位數36歲,p < 0.01)、暴露傷口均位於上肢,且暴露情境肇因於接觸者之激怒行為最多(20件,83%,p < 0.01)。相較於鼬獾,白鼻心在暴露發生時較少出現疑似狂犬病症狀(18件,75%,p < 0.01)。且鼬獾暴露民眾以無故被攻擊比例顯著較高(15件,45%,p < 0.01),然而鼬獾暴露者於暴露後適當沖洗傷口比例顯著高於白鼻心暴露者(63% vs. 33%,p = 0.03)。建議向民眾呼籲應避免主動接近或激怒白鼻心及鼬獾,並加強宣導暴露後傷口處理及預防處置,若遭鼬獾或白鼻心抓咬傷應立即以清水或肥皂水清洗傷口15分鐘以上、再以優碘消毒,並盡速就醫治療,以避免暴露與狂犬病感染風險。 |
英文摘要 | Gem-faced civets was first tested positive for rabies in Taiwan on December 24, 2014, while ferret-badger had been known for carrying rabies since 2012. This report compares patients’ post exposure to either a rabies-carrying gem-faced civet or ferret-badger and identifies the characteristics of patients and their exposure conditions. In 2014, patients who had received >1 dose of vaccine for rabies were then followed up with a questionnaire and interviewed by telephone. A total of 57 patients completed the interviews, of which 38 (67%) were male. The median age was 51 years of age (age range 17-82). A significantly higher of respondents were exposed to a ferret- badger (n=33, 58%) than exposed to a gem-faced civet (n=24, 42%) and in latter case, most were male (22 or 92%) and younger. The wounds mostly located on the upper limbs and were caused by attacks due to provocation. Respondents who had been in contact with a gem-faced civet were less likely to develop rabies-like symptoms than injured by a ferret-badger. Prevention effort should be focused on warning people from approaching gem-faced civets and ferret-badgers. Attacks caused by provocation was the leading cause of possible exposure to rabies, however, appropriate wound management after exposure could reduce the risk of being infected. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。