頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 狂犬病防疫及滅除策略之探討=Exploring on Rabies Control and Elimination Strategy |
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作者 | 關媺媺; 顏慕庸; Kuan, Mei-mei; Yen, Muh-yong; |
期刊 | 疫情報導 |
出版日期 | 20131126 |
卷期 | 29:特刊 2013.11.26[民102.11.26] |
頁次 | 頁s27-s35 |
分類號 | 415.239 |
語文 | chi、eng |
關鍵詞 | 狂犬病; 暴露前疫苗接種; 暴露後疫苗接種; 鼬獾; Rabies; Pre-exposure prophylaxis; PrEP; Exposure prophylaxis; PEP; Ferret badgers; |
中文摘要 | 人類狂犬病發病後雖具致命性,可妥適運用現行防疫工具加以防範之。利用施行人員之暴露前疫苗接種(Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis,PrEP)或暴露後疫苗接種(post exposure prophylaxis,PEP)併用免疫球蛋白(Rabies Immune Globulin,RIG),可達人類狂犬病之防治。除掌握即時監測、風險分佈,以利防疫資源妥適分配;正確監測資訊傳遞、衛教及跨領域風險溝通,為防疫當務之要。值此臺灣陸續發生野生鼬獾(Ferret badgers)狂犬病疫情、無本土人類病例階段;雖據文獻人類狂犬病死亡案例99%係由犬類傳播,惟仍有研究顯示人類感染狂犬病係與暴露於鼬獾有關聯;因此,臺灣民眾仍需警覺於勿與野生動物(含鼬獾)接觸,並加強敦促飼主負起寵物防疫之認知,以建立社區犬貓之群體免疫(Herd Immunity)。為滅除狂犬病,包括評估口服疫苗消滅鼬獾狂犬病之可行性、施行接種犬貓及高風險人類族群狂犬病疫苗或個案通報、送驗與疫情監測,需多面向群體管理策略與長程願景,以達人畜「衛生一體 (OneHealth)」之防疫合作策略,期達滅除(eliminate) 臺灣狂犬疫病。 |
英文摘要 | Human rabies is fatal after onset; however, it can be treated through appropriate prevention tools. Implementing of personnel vaccination by pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) or post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) combined with rabies immunoglobulin (RIG), human rabies is preventable. In addition to obtain real-time information and risk assessment to facilitate the appropriateness of resources allocation; deliver accurate surveillance information, health education, and interdisciplinary communication, are the utmost priority in rabies prevention. Taiwan currently has an outbreak of rabies among wild ferret badgers with no indigenous human cases. Although 99% of human rabies deaths were associated with dogs, however, there were human rabies infections associated with exposure to ferret badgers. Therefore, the public should remain vigilant in not contacting with wild animals (including ferret badgers) and strengthen epidemic prevention via urging pet owners to acknowledge the importance of building herd immunity among canine and feline in community. For the eradication of rabies, including the assessment of the feasibility of oral rabies vaccination to eliminate rabies among wild ferret badgers, implementation of vaccination among canine and high-risk personnel, monitors and surveillance for rabies cases via reporting, and testing. An integrated, community-oriented management strategy and long-term vision under One Health strategy through a collaborative process to achieve rabies elimination in Taiwan. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。