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題名 | 準確偵測冬季裡作偶然存在大、小油菜雜交後代之方法=The Accurate Detection Methods for the Adventitious Presence (AP) of Hybrids of Brassica napus and Brassica rapa (Campestris) L. during Winter Cropping in Taiwan |
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作者 | 杜元凱; 陳涵葳; 洪逸筑; 林彥君; 郭寶錚; 郭寶錚; Tu, Yuan-kai; Chen, Han-wei; Hung, Yi-chu; Lin, Yen-chun; Kuo, Bo-jein; Kuo, Bo-kein; |
期刊 | 臺灣農業研究 |
出版日期 | 20190300 |
卷期 | 68:1 2019.03[民108.03] |
頁次 | 頁69-77 |
分類號 | 435.24 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 大油菜; 小油菜; 相關序列增幅多型性; 裂葉性狀; 種間雜交; Brassica napus; Brassica rapa; Sequence-related amplified polymorphism; SRAP; Lobed-leaf trait; Interspecific hybridization; |
中文摘要 | 油菜為十字花科(Brassicaceae)蕓苔屬(Brassica)作物,與大豆、花生及向日葵並列為世界重要油料作物之一。為減少除草劑使用、提升種子質量與培育雄不稔品系,已有許多透過基因改造(genetically modified; GM)方式所培育出之基改油菜品系,然而基改油菜所造成之基因流佈(gene flow)為不可忽視之潛在問題。除可能與野生種及近緣種相互混雜,影響自然生態,亦可能使非基改作物遭受汙染,致使農民損失慘重。為有效監測基改油菜是否於田間發生非預期性混雜,需要建立一簡單、快速的雜交後代判別方式。本試驗利用「德雜油18號」模擬基改大油菜作為父本,再以台灣冬季裡作常見的小油菜品種「農興80天」作為母本,以人工雜交所得之後代。依據流式細胞儀結果為主,評估以外觀裂葉性狀及相關序列增幅多型性(sequence-related amplified polymorphism; SRAP)分子標誌判定是否為大、小油菜雜交後代之可行性,並進一步利用田間開放授粉所得之雜交後代進行驗證。結果顯示,人工雜交與開放授粉所得雜交後代之外觀形態均有偏向父本之情形,利用外觀裂葉性狀及SRAP分子標誌進行雜交後代判斷之敏感度、特異度、陽性預測值及陰性預測值為100%,兩種檢定方式均能準確判別田間開放授粉所得F_1是否為雜交後代。此結果證實,利用外觀裂葉性狀及SRAP分子標誌具相當潛力應用於監測台灣冬季裡作期間,大、小油菜間是否發生因花粉飄散導致雜交後代發生情形。 |
英文摘要 | Brassica oilseed is a member of Brassicaceae and is one of the major oil crops along with Glycine max, Arachis hypogaea and Helianthus annuus in the world. Nowadays, many genetically modified (GM) commercialized oilseeds have been bred in order to reduce the use of pesticide and herbicide. However, GM crops may cause the gene flow problem and result in hybridization with wild species or relative species. Therefore, the GM oilseed may cause the contamination of non-GM relatives. As a result, it is necessary to establish a fast and reliable detection method to efficiently discriminate F_1 hybrid derived from crossing GM with non-GM oilseed. In this study, Brassica napus from Mainland China called 'Deza oil No.18' was used as donor parent and the winter cropping Brassica rapa in Taiwan named 'Nongxing 80 days' was used as recipient parent to produce the F_1 hybrids. In this study, we tested the feasibility of detection methods, including flow cytometry (FCM), lobed-leaf trait investigation and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker analysis. Firstly, the aforesaind detection methods were used to examine the F_1 hybrids derived from crossing by artificial pollination. Then, we verified the detection methods using F_1 hybrids obtained from natural crossing in the field. The results showed that regardless of the F_1 hybrid collected from artificial-crossing or natural-crossing, lobed-leaf investigation and SRAP marker analysis were able to efficiently and robustly identify the F_1 hybrids. Besides, to some extent, we also found that F_1 hybrids are very similar in morphology to their donor parent. Values of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 100%. The lobed-leaf discrimination and SRAP marker analysis methods could be used for correctly detecting the adventitious presence (AP) of hybrids derived from crossing B. napus and B. rapa in Taiwan. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。