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題 名 | 栽培稻(Oryza sativa)與野生稻(O. nivara)種間雜種及回交後裔族群產量性狀之變異=Studies on the Yield Components in the Progenies Derived from the Hybrid and Backcross between Oryza Sativa L. and O. nivara Sharma et Shastry |
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作 者 | 李長沛; 郭益全; 曾富生; | 書刊名 | 中華農業研究 |
卷 期 | 48:1 1999.03[民88.03] |
頁 次 | 頁1-12 |
分類號 | 434.111 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 回交; 種間雜交; 產量性狀; Recurrent backcross; Interspecific hybridization; Oryza sativa; O. nivara.; Yield components; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究以臺梗1號(TK1)及臺農6號(TNG67)兩個梗稻品種為輪迴親本 與由國際稻米研究所引進之野生稻種O. nivara (Acc. 104705)雜交及回交,探討所 得各F1、F2、BC1F1、BC1F2、BC2F1、BC2F2、BC3F1、BC3F2族群稔實率、 穗數、每穗粒數及千粒重等性狀的變異,所得結果摘要如下:TNG67、TK1與 O. nivara雜交F1各性狀之表現,在稔實率偏向野生稻親本分別51、58%,顯示 此種間雜交之生殖礙不大;在穗數及千粒重呈超越高親本,每穗粒數則偏向野生 稻。兩組合F2族群的四個性狀變異性均相當高,且呈超親分離的現象,族群中 大多數個體分佈偏向於野生稻親本或低於野生稻親本,不利於產量性狀之選拔。 兩組合自BC1F1開始選拔株型接近栽培稻者進行回交,該單株並行宿根採收種 子以繁殖F2族群。由各回交F1及F2的表現得知,優良之特性在各回交世代均 能持續表現,甚至超越輪迴親本。例如TK1 X O. nivara組合的BC2F2及BC3F2 族群的平均稔實率及千粒重已超越輪迴親本,族群也具有相當高的同質性,有利 於優良性狀之固定。由此說明野生稻O. nivara對栽培種之稔實率、穗數、每穗 粒數及千粒重等產量性狀的改進具有潛力。 |
英文摘要 | Two sinica varieties, Tainung 67 (TNG 67) and Taiken 1 (TK 1), and a wild rice, O. nivara (Acc. 104705) were used as the recurrent parents and non-recurrent parent, respectively, to investigate the genetics and breeding behaviors for the fertility, panicle number, grain number of per panicle and 1000-grain weight of the inter-specific hybrid progenies of Oryza species. The F₁, F₂, BC₁F₁, BC₁F₂, BC₂F₁, BC₂F₂, BC₃F₁ and BC₃F₂ populations of two cross combinations were simultaneously planted at the experimental farm of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute in the first crop of 1996. The following results were obtained. The F₁ cross compatibility of two crosses, TNG67 × O. nivara and TK1 × O. nivara, was 51% and 58% respectively. These results might suggest that no serious reproductive barrier between two scinca varieties and the wild rice. Heterosis was found in both number of panicle per plant and 1000-grain weight for the hybrids. The grain number per pancile was similar to the wild parent. From observing the distribution patterns of F₂ population, it was found that there were many plants leaned toward the wild parent, the variation was height and showed transgressive segregation in all of these characters. The results put F₂ populations at a disadvantage in selection. In the BC₁F₁ generation, backcrosses were carried out in both cross combinations based on plant type (similar to cultivated varieties). The selected hybrid plant was ratooned to obtained F₂ seeds. The variation in yield components for various backcrosses were then observed. Results indicated that the plants with superior characters would be observed in duplication in various backcross populations. For example, the mean of fertility and 1000-grain weight of BC₂F₂ and BC₃F₂ in TK1 × O. nivara cross combination were better than the recurrent parent (TK1). Furthermore, as increasing in the number of backcross the variation in the characters became small. This indicated that plants with homogeneous genetic background could be obtained from the populations in a short time spectrum. Accroding to the results found, that the wild rice O. nivara could be a germplasm potential for improving cultivated rice yield components, i.e., spikelet fertility, panicle number per plant, grain number of per panicle and 1000-grain weight, by recurrent backcross method should be hypothesized. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。