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題名 | 竹焦油之組成分分析及其應用於聚胺基甲酸酯木材塗料之製造=Component Analysis of Bamboo Tar and Its Application on the Manufacturing of Polyurethane Wood Coatings |
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作 者 | 洪錦良; 張家偉; 盧崑宗; | 書刊名 | 林產工業 |
卷期 | 36:1 2017.03[民106.03] |
頁次 | 頁47-58 |
分類號 | 474.33 |
關鍵詞 | 竹焦油; 聚胺基甲酸酯; 多異氰酸酯; 木材塗料; Bamboo tar; Polyurethane; Polymeric isocyanate; Wood coating; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究係以減壓蒸餾之方式將孟宗竹(Phyllostachys pubescens, moso bamboo)之粗竹焦油(Crude bamboo tar)分餾為竹焦油(Bamboo tar)及竹醋液(Bamboo vinegar),並分析粗竹焦油、竹焦油及竹醋液之基本性質及組成分;並將竹焦油作為多元醇化合物(Polyol)與不同異氰酸酯(Isocyanate)製備成聚胺基甲酸酯(Polyurethane, PU)木材塗料,探討不同多異氰酸酯種類對PU 塗膜性質及耐腐朽性能之影響。試驗結果得知,粗竹焦油羥價為35、酸價為153;竹焦油羥價為233、酸價為24;竹醋液羥價為0,酸價則為87。經GC-MS 分析結果發現,粗竹焦油之主要有機成分以酸性物質含量最多,其中又以醋酸成分為主;經減壓蒸餾後,殘留之竹焦油之主要成分以2,6-二甲氧基酚(2,6-dimethylphenol)含量最多,其次為酚;竹醋液之有機成分則以醋酸含量最多。將竹焦油應用於PU 塗料製造時,在不同多異氰酸酯中,以二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯之聚合體(Polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate, PMDI)作為硬化劑且竹焦油/蓖麻油重量比為60/40 所製成之PU 塗料,其塗膜硬度、拉伸強度及耐熱性質優良。在防腐性能方面,則以添加芳香族之甲苯二異氰酸酯聚合體(Polymeric toluene diisocyanate, PTDI)或PMDI 為硬化劑所調配之PU 塗料具有最佳之防腐性能。 |
英文摘要 | The main aims of this study were to analyze the components and fundamental properties of crude bamboo tar, bamboo tar and bamboo vinegar of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens). Both bamboo vinegar and bamboo tar were obtained from crude bamboo tar by distillation under reduced pressure. The polyurethane (PU) wood coatings were prepared from bamboo tar, as a polyol, and various polyisocyanates as hardeners. The fundamental proportions and decay resistance of PU films were examined. The experimental results indicated that the crude bamboo tar had the hydroxyl value of 35 and the acid value of 153; the bamboo tar had the hydroxyl value of 233 and the acid value of 24; the bamboo vinegar had hydroxyl value of 0 and the acid value of 87. According to GC-MS analysis the acidic compounds were the main fraction, with acetic acid being the main component. The main components of bamboo tar were phenolic compounds of the crude bamboo tar, with 2, 6-dimethoxyl phenol being the main one and followed by phenol. The bamboo vinegar had high concentration of acid components in which acetic acid was identified as the main compound. To apply the bamboo tar as polyol on PU coating materials with different polyisocyanates, the PU coatings with the bamboo tar/castor oil weight ratio of 60/40 and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI) as a hardener showed excellent film properties such as hardness, tensile strength and thermal stability. In addition, the PU coatings prepared using the aromatic hardeners such as polymeric toluene diisocyanate (PTDI) or PMDI, had an excellent decay resistance. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。