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題 名 | The AV-only Restriction and Locality in Formosan Languages=臺灣南島語言的主焦標記限制與局部性條件 |
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作 者 | 張永利; | 書刊名 | 清華學報 |
卷 期 | 47:2 2017.06[民106.06] |
頁 次 | 頁231-254 |
分類號 | 803.99 |
關鍵詞 | 主焦標記限制; 臺灣南島語言; 補語句; 結構重整; 域外論元; 局部性條件; The AV-only restriction; Formosan language; Complement clause; Restructuring; External argument; Locality; |
語 文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文研究臺灣南島語言補語句動詞主焦標記限制以及其形成的機制。研究發現,遵守該限制之補語句為一非限定、不完整之輕動詞詞組。主焦標記限制不僅出現在結構重整句,也出現在非結構重整句。不過,不管哪一種句型,主句動詞都高度受限:前者主句動詞限於結構重整動詞,後者限於具有域外論元的動詞。在結構重整句裡,主句動詞之域外論元為一惰性論元,不阻隔補語句之賓語提升,形成主句非主焦、補語句主焦的格局;在非結構重整句裡,主句動詞之域外論元為一活性論元,會阻隔補語句的賓語提升,因此補語句不能為非主焦。總之,主焦標記限制為多個因素作用之結果,其中最重要的為局部性條件。 |
英文摘要 | Under a generative framework, this paper investigates the properties of the AV-only restriction on complementation and how it comes about across many Formosan languages. It is found that the AV-only complements occur as a nonfinite defective vP without any formal feature and that they are tenselss and subjectless—temporal markers must attach to the matrix verb; the embedded object, if any, is required to move to the matrix subject position to get case. The AV-only restriction is attested not only in restructuring constructions but also in non-restructuring ones. In both types, the matrix verbs are highly restricted: in the first type, the matrix verb is restricted to a restructuring verb and in the second type, the matrix verb is limited to a verb that projects an external argument. In restructuring contexts, the matrix external argument, if there is one, is inert and creates no intervention effects for the shifted embedded object; in non-restructuring contexts, the matrix external argument blocks the raising of the embedded object, thereby preventing the embedded verb from occurring in the non-AV transitive form. The AV-only restriction is due to multiple factors, most important of which is a locality condition. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。