頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 應用合理化施肥降低萵苣頂燒症發生率之研究=Rational Application of Fertilizer in Lettuce to Reduce Tipburn Rate |
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作 者 | 謝明憲; 林經偉; | 書刊名 | 臺南區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷 期 | 67 2016.06[民105.06] |
頁 次 | 頁24-37 |
分類號 | 435.252 |
關鍵詞 | 結球萵苣; 蘿蔓萵苣; 合理化施肥; 生理病害; Iceberg lettuce; Romaine lettuce; Rational application of fertilizer; Physiological disorder; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 結萵苣為我國第二大外銷蔬菜,自2013年迄今之年平均外銷量皆超過1萬公噸。惟結球萵苣在溫度偏高環境易出現頂燒症生理病害,常導致棄收損失,而施肥不當被認為是主要因素。為克服該問題本研究以改變氮肥及鉀肥施用量,建立合理化施肥制度,評估可否有效降低該生理病害發生。結果顯示結球萵苣春期作及秋期作適量減少肥料總用量與降低氮/ 鉀肥施用比率之合理化施肥措施,可有效避免頂燒症發生,惟部分試區相同栽培期之平均葉球重顯著低於農民慣行施肥組。蘿蔓萵苣春期作以相同策略合理化施肥亦可有效降低頂燒症發生,但種植不同品種即可避免頂燒症發生。因此本研究證實氮/ 鉀肥施用比率之合理化施肥策略,在降低或避免頂燒症發生具顯著效果。 |
英文摘要 | Iceberg lettuce is the second largest export vegetable, with an average exceeding 10,000 tons per year in Taiwan since 2013. Romaine lettuce is another kind of vegetable for future exportation. Tipburn is a widespread physiological disorder of lettuce, with the symptom of necrosis on margins and inner leaves of the head. In addition, tipburn is a feature of rapid growth in summer due to high temperatures, which enhance calcium deficiency. Inadequate fertilization is a major cause of calcium deficiency in lettuce. To overcome this problem, we evaluated the effects of fertilization on heading characteristics and tipburn rate by both reducing the nitrogen and increasing potassium after head formation. Using this method, the total amount of applied fertilizer decreased. Results showed that tipburn did not occur in iceberg lettuce with the rational application of fertilizer. However, some trials showed that the yield was lower than that of the conventional fertilizing treatment. In romaine lettuce, the tipburn rate was lower with the rational application of fertilizer than the conventional fertilizing treatment in spring cropping for one cultivar. However, no tipburn occurred in the heat tolerant cultivar with both treatments. This research has proven that reducing the ratio of nitrogen to potassium in the fertilizer is an effective approach to reduce or nullify the tipburn rate in iceberg and romaine lettuce. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。