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題名 | Response of Two Epiphyte Species to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization at a Humid Subtropical Rainforest in Northeastern Taiwan=施氮、磷肥對在臺灣東北部潮濕亞熱帶森林中兩種附生植物的影響 |
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作者 | 黃冠中; 林登秋; | 書刊名 | 臺灣林業科學 |
卷期 | 31:4 2016.12[民105.12] |
頁次 | 頁293-304 |
分類號 | 436.194 |
關鍵詞 | 巢蕨; 附生植物; 施肥; 福山; 營養限制; Asplenium; Epiphyte; Fertilization; Fushan; Nutrient limitation; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 有研究指出限制附生植物生長的營養因子與土生植物相同,而附生植物的生長週期較木本植物短,應更快反應施肥的效果而作為生態系營養限制因子的指標。本研究在福山試驗林對巢蕨與垂葉書帶蕨兩種附生植物進行施肥實驗,兩物種經常生長在一起但亦可獨自生長,而巢蕨籃狀的構造能攔截枯落物累積形成豐厚的基質。經九個月施氮或磷肥後,結果發現生物量在實驗組與控制組間並無顯著的差異,在營養方面施氮肥組中僅巢蕨葉片的含氮量顯著較高、碳氮比明顯較低,但施磷肥組則是兩種附生植物葉片含磷量皆顯著較高、氮磷比則顯著較低,符合臺灣低海拔森林普遍的營養限制為磷的預期。生長形式方面,獨自生長的巢蕨生物量不會受垂葉書帶蕨共生影響,但與巢蕨共同生長的垂葉書帶蕨或因基質而能減緩乾旱的影響,使生物量顯著高於獨自生長的個體。本研究顯示附生植物的生長主要受到水份的影響而非營養,雖然高氮沉降及二氧化碳濃度可能有助於植物生長,但在福山試驗林若水分的限制若未消除,對附生植物的影響可能有限。另外研究也指出附生植物與木本植物所缺乏的營養成分類似,但後者受水分的限制不如附生植物嚴重,因此兩者最主要的生長限制因子應有所差異。 |
英文摘要 | Several studies indicate that epiphytes share similar nutrient limitation with soil-rooted plants in the same ecosystem. Compared to trees, epiphytes have a much shorter life span so that epiphytes should respond more rapidly to fertilization than trees and can be used as an indicator for ecosystem nutrient limitation. We conducted a fertilization experiment on two epiphyte species Haplopteris zosterifolia and Asplenium antiquum, a basket-shaped epiphyte that collects litterfall and forms a nutrient rich substrate, at the Fushan Experimental Forest of northeastern Taiwan. The co-occurrence of the two species is common but they can also grow alone. We compared nutrient concentrations and nutrient ratios nine months after fertilization. The results show that adding the nutrients, nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P), did not lead to a greater biomass increment compared to the control group for both species. P fertilization increased P concentration and decreased the N:P ratio in both species, while N fertilization increased the foliar N concentration and decreased the C:N ratio only in A. antiquum. The positive response to P fertilization but not N fertilization for both species fits the general assumption of greater P than N limitation at low elevation forests in Taiwan. The biomass change of A. antiquum over nine months was not different between individuals growing alone and individuals co-occurring with H. zosterifolia. In contrast, biomass of H. zosterifolia increased in co-occurring individuals but decreased in individuals growing alone possibly due to drought mitigation from the substrate of A. antiquum. In summary, our study suggests that epiphyte growth is probably more limited by water than by nutrients. Although high atmospheric nitrogen deposition at the Fushan Experimental Forest and elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentrations have the potential to enhance plant growth, the effects may not be realized for epiphytes if water supply is not increased. Our results also indicates that although nutrient limitation may be similar between epiphytes and trees, the ultimate limiting factor may be different because water shortage is less a problem for trees than epiphytes in moist forests. |
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