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題名 | Monetary Policy as Key to State Authority and Income in Tang China=從皇權與收入探討唐代貨幣政策 |
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作 者 | 陳美亞; | 書刊名 | 中國文化研究所學報 |
卷期 | 64 2017.01[民106.01] |
頁次 | 頁35-111 |
分類號 | 561.18 |
關鍵詞 | 唐代經濟; 錢帛兼行; 貨幣政策; 盜鑄; 開元通寶; Tang economy; Multi-currency system; Monetary policy; Counterfeiting; Kaiyuan tongbao; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 本文探討唐代錢帛兼行之貨幣供應問題及貨幣政策,提出皇權與收入是唐室的主要 考量。安史之亂前,朝廷鑄造足值貨幣開元通寶以確立及維護皇權,更有成本高於 面值者。安史之亂爆發,肅宗採第五琦建議,鑄造大錢乾元重寶及重輪錢以資軍 用,所發行之虛錢無異於間接稅收,而皇權受損。文中所論遍及各種錢幣之鑄造、 禁盜鑄政策及盜鑄盛行之原因、允許私鑄之廷議,以及控制錢幣流通之措施,如以 錢計稅、飛錢和省陌等。文章兼論各項政策對唐代社會經濟乃至後世之影響。研究 採跨學科角度,借用現代經濟學原理,分析劉秩「錢輕由乎物多」之謬誤、禁盜鑄錢 所引起之「市井不通,物價騰起」現象,以及中晚唐之大量窖藏,兼採錢幣學與考古 學成果證成若干論點。 |
英文摘要 | This research paper discusses the intrinsic problems associated with the Tang’s multicurrency system and analyses its various monetary measures, which the author argues were implemented to preserve the authority of the sovereign, by issuing full-bodied kaiyuan tongbao coins before the An Lushan rebellion that broke out in 755, and to increase state income, mainly through crying up the coinage by issuing Qianyuan coins, as a form of indirect taxation during the rebellion. The monetary measures discussed include the issuance of various types of coins in different periods, the anticounterfeiting measures and the reasons, including the shortage of coins, that led to counterfeiting; the debate on private casting of coinage; and the regulations on the circulation of monies. To be specific, these regulations concerned the use of bronze coins as a uniform unit for state payment under the progressive Two-Tax system; the operation of “flying money”; and the practice of “counting short” of a hundred. Additionally, this paper analyses the effects of these monetary policies on the Tang economy and society, and their significance in Chinese history. It takes a multidisciplinary approach, using modern economic theories to inspect Liu Zhi’s illogical claim concerning the relation between money supply and price level, as well as to analyse the inflation caused by a ban on counterfeit coins, and to discuss the large number of coin hoards in the mid- and late Tang. Numismatic and archaeological evidence is provided to explain certain phenomena. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。