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題 名 | 玉女番茄育苗場導入半自動嫁接機之經營效益分析=Benefit Analysis of Semiautomatic Grafting Machines Applied for Cherry Tomato Seedling Nursery Farm |
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作 者 | 陳世芳; 張金元; 田雲生; | 書刊名 | 臺中區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷 期 | 131 2016.06[民105.06] |
頁 次 | 頁45-55 |
分類號 | 435.272 |
關鍵詞 | 番茄; 成本收益; 半自動嫁接機; 損益平衡分析; Tomato; Production cost and revenue; Semiautomatic grafting machine; Break-even point analysis; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 番茄嫁接苗具有較佳之抗病性及耐淹水性之優勢,有需求量逐年增加之趨勢,目前嫁接以人工作業採用番茄穗木及茄子砧木的方式。本研究以玉女番茄穴盤嫁接育苗場之個案分析,瞭解其營運狀況、成本收益、農業設施利用效率,藉以評估採用半自動嫁接機取代部分人工嫁接之經營效益。分析結果顯示,該個案2014年總生產成本為新臺幣3,990,840元,其中種子費最多,其次為人工費,二者占總生產成本之66.9%,農家賺款1,062,894元。在損益平衡點分析,獲知實際銷售金額及銷售量均高於損益平衡點之銷售金額及銷售量,表示經營可確保利潤;而損益平衡點比率33.62%,表示育苗場在獲利之安全範圍。由於人力是提升育苗場作業效能的重要因素,若投資半自動嫁接機將有助於產能提升一倍;雖然投資半自動嫁接機總生產成本為5,788,707元,較人工嫁接作業時增加了1,797,867元,然而農家賺款提高為4,089,597元,較人工嫁接作業時增加了3,026,703元,嫁接苗生產成本由人工嫁接每株8.32元降為6.03元,利潤率從16.82%大幅提升至39.68%。因此,經營者可參考分析結果考量導入機械嫁接作業,作為因應農村人力不足之決策依據,且需特別注意擴增銷售管道、其他競爭者的加入、價格變化等可能造投資風險的因子。 |
英文摘要 | Grafted tomato seedlings possess the advantages of favorable disease resistance and flooding tolerance in tomato cultivation. Market demand of grafted tomato seedlings has increased annually. Currently, manual grafting method was conduct with tomato/eggplant in pair as scion and rootstock is popular. A cherry tomato plug grafting nursery farm selected as a case in thfae study. The basic farm management information of the operating process, cost benefit, and agricultural facility utlization efficiency was collected. Through the scenario analysis via replacing partial manual grafting methods with semiautomatic grafting to evaluate the benefit of mechanizatio effect. The results revealed that the total production cost of the case farm in 2014 was NT$3,990,840, and among them, the cost of seeds followed by labor costs were dominated. The seed and labor costs accounted for 66.9% of the total production cost. The net income of the farm was NT$1,062,894. An analysis of the break-even point (BEP) indicated that the actual sales amount and sales volume were higher than the BEP sales amount and volume, verifying that the operating method of the farm ensured profitability. The BEP rate was 33.62%, suggesting that the earnings of the farm were within a safe range. Because workforce is a critical factor for improving the operating performance of incubation farms, investing in a semiautomatic grafting machine can facilitate improving production capacity. The total production cost was NT$5,788,707 when replacing with a semiautomatic graftic machine was upto NT$1,797,867. The net income of the farm was NT$4,089,597, higher than NT$3,026,703 that using manual transplantation. The transplanted seedling production cost for each trunk was NT$8.32 by manual operation and decreased to NT$6.03 by semiautomatic machine. The profit rate was increased from 16.82% to 39.68%. Thus, farm operators should consider introducing the machine grafting technology to solve the problem of insufficient manpower in rural villages and need to pay attention to open more marketing channels, new competitors joining, seedling price variation and other possible sources of investment risk. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。