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題名 | 應用緩釋肥於結球萵苣生產之節肥效益研究=Application of Controlled Release Fertilizers in Iceburg Lettuce to Reduce Fertilizer Consumption |
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作者姓名(中文) | 謝明憲; 江汶錦; 林經偉; | 書刊名 | 臺南區農業改良場研究彙報 |
卷期 | 66 2015.12[民104.12] |
頁次 | 頁39-51 |
分類號 | 435.252 |
關鍵詞 | 結球萵苣; 緩釋型肥料; 節肥; Iceberg lettuce; Controlled release fertilizers; Reduce fertilizer; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 結球萵苣為我國第二大外銷蔬菜,年平均外銷量超過1萬公噸。以往研究證實緩釋肥一次施肥可取代傳統分次追肥,達省工效益,但緩釋肥成本高,且施用後有增高土壤EC值缺失。故本研究為克服前述應用問題,係評估緩釋肥可否減半施用,且維持葉球重量與品質性狀標準表現,並有效節省肥料施用量。結果顯示冬期作緩釋肥50%施用組之土壤EC值顯著低於緩釋肥全量施用組及農民自行施肥組;平均葉球重在530公克以上。春期作緩釋肥50%施用組之土壤EC值與緩釋肥80%施用組及農民自行施肥組相似。平均葉球重在470公克以上,低頂燒症發生率。本研究結果證實緩釋肥減半施用仍具維持平均葉球重、球形指數及結球緊度等性狀標準表現,並有效減少肥料施用量達50%。 現有技術:結球萵苣應用緩釋型肥有顯著提升產量及降低肥料施用量之效果,且具有免除栽培期間雇用工人進行追肥之效益,但緩釋肥價格偏高仍是其缺點,且應用緩釋肥有造成土壤EC值升高現象。 創新內容:證實緩釋肥減半施用仍具維持平均葉球重、球形指數及結球緊度等性狀標準表現,並有效減少肥料施用量達50%。 對產業影響:藉由緩釋肥減半施用達到克服其成本偏高問題,利於推廣應用以降低人力支出,提升臺灣外銷結球萵苣生產之國際競爭力。 |
英文摘要 | Iceburg lettuce is the second largest vegetable for export, with an average exceeding 10,000 tons per year in Taiwan. According to the results of previous studies, using a controlled release fertilizer can reduce the number of applications from three to one in a whole period of iceberg lettuce cultivation, which reduces the impacts of labor shortages. However, controlled release fertilizer will increase the soil EC and its price is higher than traditional fertilizer. To overcome these problems, we evaluated the effects on heading characteristics and soil fertility by reducing the application amount. Results showed that the soil EC value of a 50% application was significantly less than those of a full application and a traditional fertilizing treatment in winter cropping. Additionally, its average head weight was above 530 grams. In spring cropping, the soil EC values were similar for 50% and 80% applications of controlled release fertilizer, and a traditional fertilizing treatment. The average head weight was above 470 grams and no tip-burn occurred in the 50% application. This research has proven that the 50% application of controlled release fertilizers can maintain the average head weight, the standard traits of sphericity and tightness, and decreased the fertilizer consumption by at least 50%. What is already known on this subject? The previous research has proven that the application of the controlled release fertilizers increased yield as well as soil EC. However, the higher cost of the controlled release fertilizers is still the main issue. What are the new findings? This research has proven that the 50% application of controlled release fertilizers can maintain the average head weight, the standard traits of sphericity and tightness, and decreased the fertilizer consumption by at least 50%. What is the expected impact on this field? The impacts of the higher cost of controlled release fertilizers has been overcome by using a 50% application. The controlled release fertilizers use can be realized in iceberg lettuce cultivation for exportation and increase the competitiveness of the export vegetable industry. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。