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| 題 名 | 李善蘭是如何「刪述」《談天》的？=An Investigation to Li Shanlan's "As Told to and Abridged by" for the Book Tantian |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 郭世榮; 郭世榮; | 書刊名 | 科學史通訊 |
| 卷 期 | 39 2015.09[民104.09] |
| 頁 次 | 頁13-22 |
| 分類號 | 323 |
| 關鍵詞 | 李善蘭; 科學翻譯; 晚清; 談天; Li Shanlan; Scientific translation; Late Qing dynasty; Tantian; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 晚清科學譯著的翻譯方法、翻譯理論、技術處理與水準，直接關係到西方科技知識在中國的傳播方式、傳播速度和本土化過程，也關涉到中國科學的近代化歷程。為了對晚清科學著作的翻譯情況有一個整體的理解和認識，首先應該研究和解決的問題是：譯著中表現出來的翻譯方法與理論，對術語的提煉與選擇，對科學概念的表述方式，對原文的取捨與刪補，在翻譯過程中對西方新知識與中國固原有知識的結合，以及翻譯中存在的問題。進而討論這些著作的翻譯水準與品質、譯者的翻譯思想及其在翻譯過程中的技術處理、以及譯者知識結構對翻譯的影響等問題，並且通過比較研究說明這些著作的翻譯方式的異同，譯者群體在當時有什麼樣的交流，不同學科對翻譯的影響，這些著作的翻譯對後續翻譯工作的影響和作用等等。通過這些研究，可能對第二次西學東漸之始的科學翻譯工作有一個全面、系統、深入的理解。 李善蘭 (1811-1882)與幾位傳教教士合作翻譯的科學著作，開啟了晚清西學東漸的序幕，對晚清科學發展產生了極為重大的影響，這是學界公認的事實。在十九世紀中期開始的第二次西方科學東傳之初，李善蘭與傳教士共同翻譯的著作佔有主要地位，他們所介紹的科學知識對當時的中國學者來說都是嶄新的。這些著作中的大部分知識比明末清初傳譯的知識艱深，很多科學概念、術語、運算式都是第一次用漢語表達，翻譯十分艱難。李善蘭的工作為後來的翻譯奠定了良好的基礎，成為科技翻譯的樣板，其科學譯著自然是研究晚清科技翻譯的第一個重點。 1852-1859年間，李善蘭在上海墨海書館與傳教士共同翻譯 8部科學著作，譯完並出版的 7部中有 6部分別署名「李善蘭筆受」或「李善蘭筆述」，惟《談天》 18卷署名有異與此。《談天》據英國天文學家侯失勒 (John F.W. Herschel)的《天文學綱要》 (Outlines of Astronomy)第 4版譯成中文，譯者署「偉烈亞力口譯，李善蘭刪述」。那麼，李善蘭是如何「刪述」的？刪節的原則是什麼？「刪述」有什麼影響？本文試圖通過對比研究英文底本與漢文譯本來回答這些問題。 |
| 英文摘要 | The method, philosophy, treatment, and quality of the translation of scientific works into Chinese during Late Qing period (roughly the turn of the 20th century) determined Western knowledge’s means and speed of spreading and degree of localization in China. To form an overall understanding to Late Qing’s scientific translation, we must figure out their method and philosophy of translation, determine and selection of terms and jargons, the way to describe concepts, omittance and addition to the original text, the integration of Western knowledge into the Chinese knowledge framework, and other translational problems. Then we may investigate the translated works’ quality of translation, translator’s idea about translation and used techniques and how the translator’s knowledge framework affected his translations. From comparisons of the works, we may learn the different ways of translation, the interactions among translators, translated works’ impacts on each academic disciplines and future translations, etc. By answering these questions, can we have a complete, systematic and deep understanding to the translations of the second wave of the introduction of Western knowledge into China. It is widely accepted that the books translated by LI Shanlan(1811-1822) and several missionaries opened the doors for Western knowledge to enter China and greatly affected the course of Late Qing development of science. LI and missionaries’ works played a major role in the early days of the second coming of Western knowledge. Much of the knowledge introduced by them was novel to Chinese scholars. Much of the knowledge introduced was more advanced than the knowledge introduced between the 17th and 18th century. Many of the concepts, jargons and mathematical expressions were translated into Chinese for the first time which was very difficult. LI’s works, as guides to future translators, created a solid foundation for future translations. Needlessly to say, his work was the top choice in the study of Late Qing’s technological translations. From 1852 to 1859, LI worked with missionaries in Shanghai to translate 8 science books. Six among the seven published works were signed “As Told to LI Shanlan” or “Penned by LI Shanlan”. However, the signature on the 18 volumes of “Tantian” was different from the others. “Tantian” was a translation of British astronomer John F. W. Herschel’s Outlines of Astronomy, 4th edition. The translation was contributed as “As Interpreted by Alexander Wylie and Abridged by LI Shanlan”. How did LI abridge the book? How did he determine which part to omit? How did his omittance affect the work? Here we compare the English original and the Chinese translation texts to answer these questions. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。