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題名 | 適用於臺灣全島的完全混合日糧(TMR)有效纖維量與均勻度的檢測技術=A Technique Suitable for Pan-Taiwan for Determining the Effective Fiber Content and the Homogeneity of Total Mixed Ration (TMR) |
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作者姓名(中文) | 郭鳳瑞; 黃清旺; 丁慶華; 洪滉祐; | 書刊名 | 農林學報 |
卷期 | 58:2 2009.06[民98.06] |
頁次 | 頁93-106 |
分類號 | 437.11 |
關鍵詞 | 完全混合日糧; 均勻度; 有效纖維含量; 線上檢測; 全臺灣; Total mixed ration; Homogeneity; Effective fiber content; On-line examination; Pan-Taiwan; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究將原本僅適用於南部地區的既有完全混合日糧 (TMR)有效纖維量與均勻度檢測技術進行適域化與全區化,採樣區擴及中北部與東部,由 10樣本戶 216採樣點增至 17樣本戶 342採樣點。驗證採兼用型 TMR機細切圓形乾草包,用於調製適當細切長度的 TMR。採用兼用型 TMR機進行原車細切調製,成品檢測採用 ψ3.81cm頂段篩結合 Penn State三段篩的上段篩(ψ1.90cm)與底段箱。細切長度維持在 10-15cm的機率達 90%以上;細切圓形乾草包作業時,螺旋鑽運轉數度維持於±10%的變動率內;細切的重量負載變動維持於 ±5%,表現出穩定的機械運轉;所調製的 TMR有效纖維量在 10-20%間;均勻度的變異,與食鹽成分的變異係數(CV)對照,均在 10%內,屬優質的範圍。當以 Penn State四層式推拉篩動或三層式手搖篩動方式處理時,並無顯著的差異。對於新鮮與烘乾的 TMR,採用三層式手搖篩動,也無顯著的差異,尤以中段篩(0.8≦ψ≦1.9 cm)更為明確。測試結果顯示所建立的南區檢測技術可以應用於台灣全區的酪農:適宜的檢測技術是以新鮮 TMR,利用三層式手搖篩動,依指標值判定 TMR的有效纖維量與均勻度,結果反饋於原料及機械操控的調整改善,以達理想的餵飼需求。 |
英文摘要 | This study extends the applicability of an existing technique, which examines the homogeneity of TMR and the content of effective fiber in the product, to island-wide dairy farmers in Taiwan. The technique was developed based on, and has been successfully applied to samples in southern Taiwan. The technique was revised by expanding the distribution of samples from 216 sites/10 farmers in the south to 342 sites/17 farmers on the whole island. TMR of an adequate slimness was produced from baled hay using a multi-purpose TMR truck. The product was examined using a ψ3.81 cm screen on the top followed by the upper screen (ψl.90 cm) and the bottom tray of the standard Penn State particle separator. The probability of the product with a particle size between 10-15 cm was higher than 90%. The screw drill operated at a speed fluctuating less than 10% and at a load varying less than 5%. These operation parameters indicate that the machine was operating at a stable condition. The TMR product has a content of effective fiber between 10-20% and the coefficients of variance of the homogeneity and the content of salt were less than 10%. This is considered as good. The result is identical to the use of a Penn State four-layer push-pull separator or a Penn State three-layer manual separator. There is no significant difference between silage and forage TMRs when the three-layer handle is applied, especially the middle screen (0.8≦ψ≦l.9 cm). The result shows that the technique, which was developed based on dairy farmers in southern Taiwan, can be applied to all dairy farmers on the island. In practical applications, the technique can be applied on line for material selection and machine tuning to produce a TMR with an adequate effective-fiber content and homogeneity for optimal cow feeding. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。