頁籤選單縮合
| 題 名 | 佛經「棄老國」故事研究=Researching in the Sutra "Deserted Agedness" |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 陳美; | 書刊名 | 藝見學刊 |
| 卷 期 | 7 2014.04[民103.04] |
| 頁 次 | 頁15-25 |
| 分類號 | 224.5 |
| 關鍵詞 | 棄老國; 孝道; Deserted Agedness; Filial piety; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 棄老國故事的緣起,是佛陀對弟子們宣說恭敬對待年長者的利益,以及敘述自己過去生恭敬對待年長者的故事。當時佛陀的國度有棄老的電法,在該國凡是老人都會被拋棄、趕到遠方去。有一位孝順的大臣,不忍心趕走老父,就將老父安置於深坑密室中,每日按時承事奉養。天神被大臣的孝心所感動,為了改變棄老電法,於是對國王提出九道難題來考驗國王,如果不能解決,就要對國王與其國家不利。天神所提出的九道難題,無人能解,最後仰賴大臣的老父親,老父親秉著豐富的生活智識與佛法智慧,一一加以解答,因此解救了國家,並且讓國王廢除棄老的電法,規定國民必須孝養年長者。故事發展以天神所提的九道難題作為主軸。故事中的九道難題,依其性質,可區分為生活智識與佛法智慧兩大類。屬於生活智識的故事,又可歸納為:動物學、植物學以及民間傳說三類;屬於佛法智慧的故事,又可歸納為:凡聖之別、布施功德以及輪迴因果論三類。本文故事的寫作手法,多有運用對比的手法,這些對比手法中,有的又以具體形象的描摹,達到強烈的藝術感染力。本文故事蘊含的道理如下:(一)、孝是一種天性(二)、老人是寶(三)、孝順的果報。透過這三項義涵闡發孝行的必然性與必要性,以警醒世人必須深明此理,克盡人子之道。最後再由棄老國故事延伸至佛陀的孝順理論:佛陀教諭在家人士,孝順父母除了供奉父母、醫父母病這兩項要務之外,在態度上必須恭敬,承歡父母;自身也要努力工作,不讓父母擔憂。可知,佛陀教義極重視孝道,這也是成聖成佛的基本條件。 |
| 英文摘要 | The origin of the story about Deserted Agedness is that Buddha preaches the value of treating the elder respectably and recounts the story of Sheng gong jing who is one of the gods in Buddhism. At that time, there is a bad practice which all the elder would be abandoned and exiled to the far place in Buddha's country.A filial courtier cannot harden his heart to kick his old father out of the house; hence, he takes his father to a chamber in a deep cave and takes care of him every day. Touched by the filial piety of the courtier, the God tries to test the king with nine tough tasks. If the king cannot deal with those tasks, the God will ruin the whole country.However, no one can cope with these nine tough tasks that the God asked. But, someone did succeed. With the sufficient knowledge of life as well as the wisdom of Buddhism, the father of the courtier solves every task one by one and saves his own country eventually. Seeing this, the king abolishes the bad practice and regulates that every citizens must be filial to the elder.The nine tough tasks is the subject of the whole story. In general, the conclusions of the story include knowledge of life and wisdom of Buddhism based on its characters. The story about the knowledge of life can be divided into zoology, botany, and local legend. On the other hand, the story about wisdom of Buddhism can be concluded into the differences between sage and common people, doing the good deeds, and transmigration and karma.Most of the writing styles in the story are using comparison. From those comparisons, some of them are described trough concrete expression so as to be rich in the art.The morals in this story includes the filial piety is an instinctive, the elder is treasure, and the reward of the good deeds. Through the importance and the necessity of these three morals, Buddha alerts people should understand this idea and fulfill the duty of being filial.Finally, the story of Deserted Agedness can be expanded into the filial theory of Buddha. He lectures everyone that people should not only respect and cling to their parents but also work hard so as not to let their parents worry them instead of just being filial to their parents and taking care of them. Above all, the doctrine of Buddha emphasizes more on the filial piety which is also a basic requirement of being both sage and God. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。