頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 2010~2013年臺灣國際港埠鼠類媒介漢他病毒之流行病學調查=Epidemiological Investigation of Hantavirus in Rodents at International Ports in Taiwan, 2010~2013 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 蘇信維; 吳怡君; 張淑芬; 何麗莉; 蘇成副; 吳怡君; 蘇信維; 張淑芬; 何麗莉; 蘇成副; | 書刊名 | 疫情報導 |
卷期 | 31:14 2015.07.28[民104.07.28] |
頁次 | 頁356-363 |
分類號 | 412.72 |
關鍵詞 | 國際港埠; 鼠類宿主; 漢他病毒; 港區衛生; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 漢他病毒(hantavirus)為我國第二類法定傳染病,傳染病媒以囓齒類動物為主,本研究於2010年至2013年間,針對臺灣地區之國際重要港埠進行鼠類物種、數量及漢他病毒抗體陽性率之流行病學調查。主要探討各重要港埠之漢他病毒抗體陽性率情形、鼠類物種組成及比較捕獲鼠類數量之差異。結果發現,調查期間共捕獲鼠類個體3088隻,共2目、2科、4屬、6種,其中以溝鼠的數量最為優勢,其他依捕獲數量依序為臭鼩、小黃腹鼠、亞洲家鼠、鬼鼠、家鼷鼠;此外,數量在各年間並無顯著差異,惟2011年及2012年之數量較高,以溝鼠與臭鼩最優勢。統計各重要港埠鼠類之漢他病毒血清抗體陽性率結果得知,各港埠之抗體陽性率平均為6.02%,以基隆港(36.55%)最高及高雄港(10.84%)次高,各港埠之陽性率介於0%–36.55%;鼠種之漢他病毒抗體陽性率結果,以溝鼠最高(11.52%),亞洲家鼠(2.60%)次之。由此可知,我國重要港埠執行病媒監測迄今,仍有穩定的鼠類族群感染漢他病毒,若暴露於感染病毒之鼠類排泄物及分泌物,將提高人類感染之風險,因此各港埠應加強管制港區之環境衛生、針對特定鼠類之活動熱區執行毒餌滅鼠、通報港區管理單位改善等相關管制措施,減少人類接觸鼠類之機會,以降低人類感染漢他病毒之風險。 |
英文摘要 | Hantavirus is a category II notifiable disease in Taiwan. The aim of this study is to investigate the rodent population, distribution, and seropositive rate of Hantavirus in its rodent vector. During the period from Jan 1, 2010 to Dec 31, 2013, a total of 3,088 rodents, which can be categorized into 6 species in 4 genera, 2 families, and 2 orders have been captured at international ports in Taiwan. The dominate species of the captured rodents were the species of Rattus norvegicus, followed by, in percentage descending order, Suncus murinus, Rattus losea, Rattus tanezumi, Bandicota indica and Musmus culus. The number of rodents captured were not differ greatly by year, indicated that the rodents now reached to a stable population in ports area. The detected Hantavirus seropositive rate was highest in R. norvegicus (11.52%), followed by R. tanezumi (2.60%), S. murinus (1.01%), and R. losea (0.25%). The average Hantavirus seropositive rate in rodents captured at international ports during Jan 2010 to Dec 2013 was 6.02 % (0.00%–36.55%), except none detected in two ports (Taipei seaport and Hualian seaport). Although we have been monitoring the infection of hantavirus in rodents at international ports during the period from Nov 2004 to Dec 2013, but the hantavirus seropositive rate in rodent population was still presented at a certain level. The risk of human infection by hantavirus when in contact with excreta or secretions from infected rodents is high. We suggested that the authorities at international ports should strengthen port sanitation control and decrease density of rodent population in ports area, and focus on rodent elimination by drug, thus reduce the chance of contact between human and rodents, furthermore reduce the risk of human infection. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。