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題名 | 雙層複合耐火隧道混凝土探討=Research on the Double-layer Composite Fire Resistant Concrete for Tunnel Lining |
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作者姓名(中文) | 柴希文; | 書刊名 | 桃園創新學報 |
卷期 | 33 2013.12[民102.12] |
頁次 | 頁117-129 |
分類號 | 440.327 |
關鍵詞 | 輕質骨料混凝土; 聚丙烯纖維; 爆裂; 長大隧道; 複合耐火混凝土; Lightweight concrete; Polypropylene fiber; Spalling; Double-layer composite fire resistant concrete; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 一般交通隧道為密閉空間,散熱不易,如因車輛肇事引發之火災,大都為油性火災,溫度上升極快,有燜燒效果,且氧氣不足,為不完全燃燒,極易產生之窒息濃煙,而造成重大災害。根據國內外之研究成果,添加聚丙烯纖維證實可有效防止混凝土在350℃至400℃之爆裂,但當混凝土溫度達到800℃以上時,其殘餘強度劇降,不足以提供結構物之安全保障。因此如何保護長大隧道之通風管道與頂拱襯砌至為重要,使其免於崩落而造成慘重傷亡及阻礙救援。因此利用防火被覆以降低混凝土內部溫度,使其能在火災時,仍保有相當之強度為國外隧道常採取之措施。但防火被覆長期耐久性不足,且外觀不佳為其主要缺點。而耐火版在高溫燃燒時,其與混凝土聯結的金屬附件,常常失敗,以致其防火成效受限。本論文希望能提供國內隧道混凝土襯砌防火安全一較佳方案-雙層複合耐火隧道混凝土,外層使用輕質骨料混凝土並添加聚丙烯纖維與鋼纖維,來防止混凝土的爆裂及減少火災時熱量的傳入;內層可為一般常重混凝土(NC)或高強度混凝土。試驗結果顯示,雙層複合混凝土,如兩者皆現場鑄澆置,其差異時間在混凝土初凝時間內,介面在移除隔板後,再予振動搗實,可得完整的構件。其力學行為與相同水膠比之單一均質混凝土無明顯差異。預鑄雙層複合混凝土,其硬固介面的粗糙度對劈裂及抗剪應力影響很大,適切的介面的粗糙度,可減少劈裂及抗剪降低的幅度,使其力學性質符合隧道工程襯砌混凝土所需。 |
英文摘要 | There were six cases of tunnel fire in Europe from the year 1996 to 2005 and these resulted in 219 death victims. In Taiwan, besides the 12.9 km Pin-Lin tunnel, more and more long tunnels will be built in the future. There is a very urgent need to enhance the tunnel fire resistance. According to the literature review both from Taiwan and all over the world, adding Polypropylene (P.P) fibers to the concrete mixes can effectively prevent concrete under fire from spalling. But when the concrete reaches to the temperature of 800℃,its residual strength (either with or without P.P fibers) becomes less than 20% of its normal strength. Hence, fire protection in concrete tunnels is essential. This research presents a double–layer composite fire resistant concrete for tunnel lining. The outward layer composes of lightweight concrete (LWC) with P.P fibers and steel fiber to avoid the spalling of concrete and to reduce the input of the heat while it exposed to severe fire exposure. The inward layer is made of normal weight concrete (NC). The main experiments are: the splitting strength test and shear strength test of the boundary between LWC and NC, flexural strength test and compressive strength test of the composite concrete. The composite concrete can be made either from fresh LWC & NC or from precast LWC first then cast NC afterwards. The test results showed that the mechanical behaviors of composite concrete made from fresh LWC and NC have no significant differences between that of single homogeneous concrete. The roughness of the boundary between precast LWC and NC has significant influence on the splitting strength and shear strength of the composite concrete. In conclusion, it’s possible to construct a double-layer composite fire resistant concrete for tunnel lining whose mechanical behaviors can meet the requirements of concrete tunnel lining. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。