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| 題 名 | 臺東縣多良遺址的考古發現及其文化內涵研究=A Preliminary Research on the Prehistoric Remains Excavated from the To-liang Site, Taitung |
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| 作 者 | 李坤修; | 書刊名 | 南島研究學報 |
| 卷 期 | 5:1 2014.06[民103.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁31-71 |
| 分類號 | 797.8 |
| 關鍵詞 | 石板棺; 繩紋陶; 富山文化; 卑南文化; 三和文化; Slate slab coffins; Cord-marked pottery; Fu-shan culture; Pei-nan culture; San-ho culture; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 臺東縣多良遺址位於臺灣東海岸南段之小海階上,1989年因南迴鐵路隧道工程而被發現,當時由國立臺灣大學連照美教授率領之考古團隊於隧道工程挖開的邊坡斷面上發現2具石板棺,並在階地上採集少量陶片、石器。2011年筆者因執行公路拓寬工程的遺址影響監看計畫,率領工作團隊重新調查這處遺址,在已經為樹林所覆蓋的遺址上進行地表調查並執行發現後首度之考古試掘。這次考古工作在地表發現4具暴露的石板棺,並從4個考古試掘坑的TP3探坑中出土第5具石板棺,此外也從其他探坑中出土礫石結構及陶器、石器等標本。出土石器中最重要的是1件臺灣玉製的方形耳飾殘件,這件標本與出現在卑南遺址及富山遺址的方形玉耳飾具有同時性意義,與臺東的細繩紋陶文化有直接的關聯。本文根據出土陶片標本初步研判,多良遺址保存新石器時代富山文化、卑南文化以及鐵器時代三和文化之遺留。其中富山文化年代介於4200BP至3800BP之間,在臺東是繼大坌坑文化之後的繩紋陶文化。多良遺址雖出土繩紋陶片不多,但由其他相關器物特徵及住屋結構遺留判斷,富山文化確實在這遺址存續一段不短時間,成為臺東平原以南保存富山文化遺留的重要遺址之一。臺東富山文化之後陶器逐漸轉變為卑南文化風格,陶容器接拱橋形橫把是卑南文化的主要特徵之一。在多良遺址出土的陶片上也出現這個轉變訊息,但陶片特徵顯示多良遺址出現的卑南文化屬於早期階段,與更晚出現的三和文化之間有明顯的時間落差。多良遺址的三和文化層並不明顯,文化層中並未出現具有三和文化特徵之印紋陶器,只能藉由TP1石板棺出土陶器特徵及石板棺深度判斷,5具石板棺可能都屬於三和文化階段遺留。 |
| 英文摘要 | The To-liang site was located at a small coastal terrace in south-eastern Taitung. It was once a place of farmland and was recovered during the railroad tunnel construction in 1989. In the same year, the archaeological team led by professor Chao-mei Lien from the National Taiwan University carried out an investigation at this site and found prehistoric remains, including 2 slate slab coffins that were exposed on the steep slope, which was formed by the railroad tunnel construction. After the completeness of the railroad tunnel construction, the To-liang site was hard to be accessed. The archaeological team led by the present author spent several months in 2011 to conduct archaeological fieldwork at this site. This paper is a preliminary report on its results. Four 2x2 meter test pits were excavated during the 2011 fieldwork. The unearthed remains from the test-excavations and surface surveys include five slate slab coffins, three pebble structures, some shards of corded pottery and stone artifacts. Among the stone artifacts, a fragment of square shaped jade earring, which had affinity with the Fine Corded Ware culture of Taitung, is especially noteworthy. The archaeological remains excavated from the To-liang site can be chronologically divided into three cultural phases: Fu-shan, Pei-nan, and San-ho. The Fu-shan culture, which was named after the Fu-shan site, has been dated back to 4200-3800 BP This culture characterized by cord-marked pottery was the successor the Ta-pen-keng culture in eastern Taiwan. Although not many cord-marked pottery were unearthed from the To-liang site, other evidence show that the Fu-shan culture did exist in this site for quite a long period. The Pei-nan culture, named after the Pei-nan site, has been dated back to 3500-2300 BP This culture was subsequent to the Fu-shan culture. The artifacts from Pei-nan culture include plain pottery shards and a large amount of stone artifacts. It is believed that the upper section of the three pebble structures found in the To-liang site was probably a living floor during the Pei-nan culture. The latest chronological phase in the To-liang site was called San-ho culture, which belonged to the Iron Age, dated back to 2300-1200 BP The San-ho culture, named after the San-ho site, was a culture subsequent to the Pei-nan culture. It is believed that the slate coffins found at the To-liang site belonged to the earlier San-ho cultural phase, although there was no typical incised San-ho culture pottery was found. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。