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題 名 | 春節與非春節的假期天數及天氣系統對空污假期效應之影響=The Effect of Holiday Day Number and Weather System during the Chinese New Year and Non-Chinese Year on Air Pollution "Holiday Effect" |
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作 者 | 談珮華; | 書刊名 | 環境與世界 |
卷 期 | 26 2012.12[民101.12] |
頁 次 | 頁93-127 |
分類號 | 445.63 |
關鍵詞 | 假期效應; 週末效應; 天氣; 假期天數; 春節; Holiday effect; Weekend effect; Weather; Holiday day number; Chinese New Year; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究分析台北都會區1994-2009年環保署13個地面測站資料,來探討不同天數及不同天氣系統,對六項主要空污物春節與非春節期間濃度及假期效應的影響。假期效應是檢驗污染物的假日濃度減非假日濃度的差異是否具有統計的顯著性。假期效應的研究可應用到其它國家有相似的國定假日或文化節慶。 研究發現六項汚染物濃度的測站整體平均,在不同天數及不同天氣系統下,皆有假期效應(p <0.05),且正負號大多具有一致性:NOx,CO,NMHC、SO2和PMW有負的假期效應,非春節期間大於春節期間;O3有正的假期效應,非春節期間小於春節期間。空污物的假期效應和空污物的春節期間濃度,皆與假期天數無顯著的關係,即假期天數越長,假期效應不會較強及春節濃度不會較弱。汚染物的假期效應不受天氣系統影響,皆達到顯著性,這顯示假期效應是由局地污染而非長程汚染所主導。以假期效應強度的絕對及相對變化量來看,局部及沙塵天氣二者相當,皆較鋒面天氣大。 總體而言,假期天數及天氣系統個別來看,會影響汚染物假期效應的強度,但大多不會影響假期效應的顯著性。若假期天數及天氣系統綜合來看,比如檢驗假期天數在不同天氣系統下對假期效應的影響,發現對不同天數而言,NOx及CO濃度的假期效應強度會受影響但顯著性幾乎無影響,而其它四項汚染物的假期效應的強度及顯著性,會稍微受到外來的鋒面或沙塵天氣影響,但較不受局部天氣影響。 |
英文摘要 | Our study is aimed to investigate the effects of holiday day numbers and weather systems on holiday effects, defined as the differences in air pollutant concentrations of holiday periods minus those of non-holiday periods, over the Taipei metropolitan area through 13-station surface measurements of Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration during the Chinese New Year (CNY) and non-Chinese New Year (NCNY) periods of 1994-2009. This holiday effect can be applied to other countries with similar national or cultural holidays. Daily surface measurements of six major air pollutants from thirteen air quality monitoring stations have holiday effects (p< 0.05) under different holiday day numbers and different weather systems. The holiday effect has a consistent sign for each pollutant: negative for NOx, CO, NMHC, SO2 and PM10, and positive for O3. Negative (Positive) holiday effects mean that concentrations are higher (lower) in the NCNY period than in the CNY period. Holiday effects and CNY concentrations of six air pollutants have no statistically significant relationship with holiday day numbers, implying no significant changes in holiday effects and CNY concentrations of six air pollutants under longer holiday day numbers. Robust holiday effects of air pollutants under different weather systems suggest a dominance of local processes instead of remote transports. The amplitudes and percentage changes of holiday effects of pollutants are lower in the frontal system than in the local and dust storm weathers, where those of the latter two are comparable. Overall, holiday day numbers and weather systems separately will affect the strengths of holiday effects of pollutants, but not their significances. Further examination of different holiday day numbers under different weather systems shows that holiday effects of NOx and CO are robust and have a consistent sign; those of four other pollutants will be slightly affected by frontal systems and dust storm weathers, however, will not be affected by local weathers for different holiday day numbers. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。