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| 題 名 | 連續不同難度對瞄準動作時間的影響=Movement Concatenation Effect on Speed and Accuracy Relation |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 林子翔; 劉有德; | 書刊名 | 臺東大學體育學報 |
| 卷 期 | 12 2010.06[民99.06] |
| 頁 次 | 頁13-26 |
| 分類號 | 528.901 |
| 關鍵詞 | 快速瞄準動作; 費茲定律; 難度指數; 多種難度動作; Rapid aiming movement; Fitts' Law; Index of difficulty; Multiple difficulty tasks; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 快速瞄準動作一直是運動行為中熱門的一個議題,Fitts(1954)提出了難度指數的概念,相同的難度指數需要相近的時間完成。過去的研究很少著重在數種不同難度間的關聯,大多數的研究試作僅執行一種難度指數。Kelso(1979)讓雙手同時做不同難度的動作,發現較簡單的那隻手會等待另一手再同時到達終點,說明了不同難度動作間的同時性相互影響的現象。不同於雙手的方式,本研究目的為檢驗連續的不同難度,對快速瞄準動作時間的影響。實驗招募30位自願參與者單手連續做不同難度的快速瞄準動作。以五種不同難度數量為自變項:1種、2種、3種、4種、及隨機多種。1種難度指數即一次試作中包含一種難度指數,餘類推;隨機多種難度係每次的目標難度指數隨機出現,目標的位置及大小等決定難度的成分值由一JAVA程式控制產生。有限種的難度指數由難度指數2、3、4、5組合而成。每個目標的動作時間及觸控筆軌跡均予以記錄並分析。由於觀察到參與者在執行動作時之型態差異,進一步以每一目標的速率時間序列將參與者分類,並將該時間序列分為反應、最高速度前、及最高速度後三個部分予以分析。不同難度所產生的動作時間,以費茲定律的公式檢驗不同難度數量的影響發現,多種的難度時,偏離費茲公式所描述的動作難度與時間的關係,顯示連續的不同難度瞄準工作,的確對動作時間造成影響。以速率時間序列的分析結果則發現,難度指數與最高速度後的時間長短成正相關,顯示快速瞄準動作可能是在減速期才進行調整控制。 |
| 英文摘要 | The relation between Fitts’ Index of Difficulty (ID) and movement time has been widely discussed in many studies. However, multiple ID in fast goal-directed movement task has seldom been studied. Most of the research examined continuous and discrete tasks with a single ID in a trial. Kelso (1979) reported a synchronous phenomenon of the two hands when both hands simultaneously performed the goal-directed movement tasks with different IDs. The hand with easy task would wait for the difficult one and both hands reached the end points at nearly the same time. The results of Kelso’s (1979) study indicated that there has been some relation between the two ID tasks. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of concatenate ID on the movement time of the rapid aiming tasks. Thirty adult volunteers were recruited to participated in the study. The task was to touch the target from the initial position as fast and as accurate as possible on a Wacom graphic tablet with the stylus. A customized JAVA program was used to generate various target size in various position sequentially. There were 5 conditions manipulated. Each condition composed of 1, 2, 3, 4 or randomly generated many numbers of ID in a series. The movement time and the stylus trajectory of each target were recorded. Due to the different movement patterns observed from the participants, the participants were categorized into 3 groups based on the kinematic profiles of each target performance. Each of the kinematics profile was further divided into reaction, reaction-to-peak, and peak-to-end for analyses. Using Fitts’ equation to examine the relations between the IDs and the corresponding movement times revealed the significant deviation from the Fitts’ Law description at a larger number of IDs condition. This indicates the concatenation effect of the multiple ID condition. The results of the kinematics profile analyses showed that the peak-to-end duration was positively correlated with the ID. This seems to suggest that the movement adjustment in the rapid aiming tasks was mainly carried out at the deceleration phase of the movement. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。