查詢結果分析
來源資料
相關文獻
- 對病人自主性與倫理之淺見
- 護理倫理--病人的自主性
- 永續發展與民主:審議式民主理論初探
- Broadening the Concepts of Moore's Transactional Distance Theory in the Light of Relevant Adult Education Theories and the New Telecommunications Technologies
- 臺灣之永續發展--國家與社會的觀點
- 大陸社會動員的理論探索與建構:以「法輪功事件」為例
- 從政治學新國家主義論臺灣研究的新趨勢
- 個體自主性與民主--論民主之侷限
- 圖書館行政法個案--國家圖書館館長遴選制度的聯想
- The Importance of the “Exterior” and “Errant Matter”: Louis Althusser's Theoreticism and Self-Criticism Revisited
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 對病人自主性與倫理之淺見=Opinions on Patients' Autonomy and Ethics |
---|---|
作 者 | 柯文娟; | 書刊名 | 科際整合月刊 |
卷 期 | 1:4 2016.04[民105.04] |
頁 次 | 頁1-22 |
分類號 | 410.1619 |
關鍵詞 | 自主性; 自主性理論; 病人自主性; 正當性; 合法程序; Autonomy; Patient autonomy; Legitimacy; Legal procedures; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 病人自主性為近代西方生命倫理學和醫學倫理學的基本原則之一,其核心在於病人作為一個個體存在先天具有的個人自決權,為天賦人權實現的形式之一。病人自主性理論有著深厚的西方文化背景,它和西方根深蒂固的「個人主義」傳統有著密切的關連性。 自主性文化的發展若逕將自主性與社會強制視為對立的兩極,在非此即彼的抉擇下,由於重視個人主體性,而片面強調個人有權行使其自主性,甚至不顧所做決策是否損及其自身乃至社會整體的利益,就易於形成自主性的誤用,故不可不慎。 究竟該如何體現病人自主性呢?若以個人之淺見,則認為似可由較高層次的倫理層面,例如傳統文化上對知情同意的認知,與西方不同的文化背景所產生的張力之探討,結合正當性與合法程序,延伸至制度層面的探討。 吾人可在一些立論基礎完善的理論中,得到一些有關倫理發展的可用工具。本文初步發現,尊重有決定能力病患「放棄治療的決定」是合法的;「提供適量緩解措施」是醫師應盡的義務;而「同意安樂死和協助自殺的請求」則是違法的行為。當家屬的意願與福祉和病人有所牴觸時,病人的福祉與意願實應被優先考量。在制度尚未稱得上健全,未盡符合倫理考量且法律不允許的情況下,醫護人員可由瞭解病患提出安樂死或協助自殺之要求背後的原因,提供病患更周全的安寧照護,並向病患保證他們對治療有決定權,不將自己的價值觀強加於病患身上。 |
英文摘要 | Patient autonomy is one of the fundamental principles of the ethics of life and medical ethics in modern Western. The core is patients, as individual persons, have the right of self-determination, which is one of the realization of human rights. The theory of patient autonomy has a profound background of Western culture. It is highly connected to the root of the Western tradition -- individualism. If the development of autonomy culture leads us to believe that autonomy is the polar opposite of social compulsory, it would be false dilemma. Since individual subjectivity is important, it is entitled to emphasize one-side accounts of individual autonomy and make decisions whether they are harmful to individuals or even the interests of the entire society. Autonomy is easy to be mistaken, as a result. Thus, it is a must to develop autonomy carefully. How should we implement patient autonomy? In my opinion, we can begin with discussing the higher level of ethical dimension, such as the awareness of informing and agreement in traditional cultures, and the tension arising from the cultural backgrounds differing from West. Combined with legitimacy and legal procedures, we are able to extend a discussion of the system level. On the basis of some well-established theories, we have realized that some of the tools related to development ethic are available. The approach and method relying on the tools are extremely useful for finding more ideas, seeking values, and giving constructive criticism. During the development of the policies, to advocate or support particular values whether in Parliament or by implementing a variety of governance tools is not appropriate. Values are not necessarily the same in each place. Although some values have reached consensus, it is not mandatory to ignore or neglect cultures, ideas and practices in some regions! |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。