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題名 | 第二型糖尿病新療法與既有藥物之比較=The New Drugs of Type 2 Diabetes and Comparison with the Other Existing Agents |
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作者 | 邱惠敏; | 書刊名 | 藥學雜誌 |
卷期 | 27:4=109 2011.12[民100.12] |
頁次 | 頁100-106 |
分類號 | 418.271 |
關鍵詞 | 第二型糖尿病; 腸泌素; 血糖控制; 降血糖藥物; T2DM; Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2; Incretin; GLP-1 receptor agonists; Dipeptidyl peptide-Ⅳ inhibitors; Diabetes; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 第二型糖尿病 (T2DM) 及其相關併發症往往使得病人生活品質下降,也造成社會經濟的負擔。儘可能地控制血糖值接近非糖尿病範圍,被證實對於小血管併發症是有益處的,包括眼部、腎臟及神經的病變1。近年來,以腸泌素 (incretin) 為基礎理論的藥物如 dipeptidyl peptide-Ⅳ (DPP-4) inhibitors 及 glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists,前者降低 HbA1c 效果低於現行藥物,後者雖有不錯降低 HbA1c 的表現,但注射劑型為其不便之處;新一代機轉 sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) 抑制劑,作用近端腎小管,藉由抑制腎絲球過濾的 glucose 被再吸收回體內,而促進尿液中血糖的排泄 (glycosuria),因此可用在第一型及第二型高血糖及肥胖病人,此類藥物口服吸收良好,有卓越降低體重效果且低血糖副作用極低,現已進入 phase 3 階段,可望為無法達良好血糖控制患者帶來福音。 |
英文摘要 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and it's complications are always lower our quality of life and make a great burden to our society. Maintaining glycemic levels as close to the non-diabetic range as possible has been demonstrated to have a beneficial effect on diabetes-specific microvascular complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Recently, some drugs like dipeptidyl peptide-Ⅳ (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are based on mechanism of incretin; the former have lower effect in reducing HbA1c than other oral hypoglycemic agents, the latter have better effect in reducing HbA1c but they are administrated by injection. Now, the new drug: sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor is in the phase 3 clinical trial, which can help to facilitate glucose elimination in urine. Due to the new mechanism, it may be useful in T2DM patients with little side effects in the future. |
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