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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 胃食道靜脈曲張出血之預防與治療=Prevention and Management of Gastroesophageal Variceal Hemorrhage |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張美枝; 張展維; 鄭奕帝; | 書刊名 | 藥學雜誌 |
卷期 | 27:2=107 2011.06[民100.06] |
頁次 | 頁90-95 |
分類號 | 415.534 |
關鍵詞 | 胃食道靜脈曲張出血; 肝硬化; Variceal hemorrhage; Liver cirrhosis; Vasopressin; Somatostatin; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 胃食道靜脈曲張出血是肝硬化常見且嚴重的併發症之一,導因於門脈高壓的產生。肝硬化患者於內視鏡診斷之初,約 50%的患者已經有胃食道靜脈曲張的存在,有 25-40%的患者可能會發生急性出血,且發生出血時的死亡率可高達 30%。 常見治療方式包括藥物治療 (vasopressin和 somatostatin及其類似物 )、內視鏡治療及分流手術。藥物及內視鏡結紮術合併治療建議用於急性出血治療及預防再出血;而非選擇性的β接受器阻斷劑則為預防中大型靜脈曲張第一次出血的建議用藥。 |
英文摘要 | Gastroesophageal variceal hemorrhage is one of the most severe complications of liver cirrhosis that results most directly from portal hypertension. Varices are present in approximately 50% of cirrhotic patients when endoscopy is performed at the time of the diagnosis of cirrhosis. Approximately 25-40% of all patients with varices will develop variceal hemorrhage. Each episode of variceal hemorrhage is associated with up to 30% risk of mortality in patients with severe liver dysfunction. The current treatment options include medications (vasopressin and somatostatin and their analogs), endoscopy, and shunt surgery. The combination of vasoconstrictive pharmacological therapy and variceal ligation is the preferred approach to the management of acute variceal hemorrhage, and the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage. Nonselective β-blockers are the gold standard in prevention of first variceal hemorrhage in patient with medium/large varices. |
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