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題名 | 貯存溫度與時間對岡崎釉小蜂(Closterocerus okazakii)(膜翅目:釉小蜂科)生育力與致死寄主能力之影響=The Influence of Storage Temperature and Duration on the Fertility and Host-Killing Capability of Closterocerus okazakii (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) |
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作者 | 錢景秦; 張淑貞; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷期 | 59:4 2010.12[民99.12] |
頁次 | 頁289-298 |
分類號 | 433.3 |
關鍵詞 | 岡崎釉小蜂; 蔬菜斑潛蠅; 貯存; 生育力; 致死寄主能力; Closterocerus okazakii; Liriomyza sativae; Storage; Fertility; Host-killing capability; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 岡崎釉小蜂[Closterocerus okazakii (Kamijo)]為台灣地區蔬菜斑潛蠅(Liriomyza sativae Blanchard)之優勢寄生蜂。為增進該蜂對蔬菜斑潛蠅生物防治之利用,本文探討貯存溫度與時間對其之影響。0日齡蛹在7℃下經貯存1-2週後,轉移至25℃,羽化率即下降為83.1-90.4%,與對照組之97.8%呈顯著差異;而其若在10℃貯存1-2週,羽化率則與對照組無顯著差異。但0日齡蛹在7與10℃各貯存1-3與1-4週後,轉移至25℃定溫,待羽化成蜂後,每日供應寄主蔬菜斑潛蠅幼蟲與純蜂蜜,其中僅蜂蛹在7℃貯存1-2週者,其壽命、子代雌性比與對照組無顯著差異,僅子蜂數、致死寄主總數及寄生致死寄主與取食致死寄主之比值,顯著較對照組各減少39.0-50.6、26.5-37.5及35.0%。其他不論蜂蛹在7℃貯存3週、或蜂蛹在10℃各貯存1-4週,各處理組間之雌蜂壽命、子蜂數及致死寄主總數雖均無顯著差異,但均較對照組各減少29.4-42.2、65.8-72.7及42.1-60.6%。雌蜂在15℃貯存10-20日或在25℃貯存10日,其子蜂數與致死寄主總數均顯著較對照組各減少60.6-68.0與26.0-36.2%。同時成蜂經貯存後,各處理組之日產卵與取食寄主型式與對照組不一。總之,岡崎釉小蜂之蛹與成蟲雖不適於長時間貯存,但在其繁殖過程中,若需要貯存時,本文建議其條件,依序為0日齡蛹在7℃貯存1-2週、其次為雌蜂在15與25℃餵食純蜂蜜各貯存10-20與10日。若釋放田間做為生物農藥使用時,其較適貯存蟲期與條件可放寬為0日齡蛹在7與10℃各貯存1-2與1-4週、或雌蜂在15與25℃餵食純蜂蜜各貯存10-30與10日。 |
英文摘要 | Closterocerus okazakii (Kamijo) is one of the dominant species in the parasitoids of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard in Taiwan. In an attempt to increase the availability of the biological control agent of C. okazakii, the influence of storage temperature and duration on this wasp was investigated. The results of the investigation showed that there was a significant difference in the percent emergence between 0-day-old pupae stored at 7℃ for 1-2 weeks (% emergences of 83.1-90.4%) and the control (% emergence of 97.8%). However, the percent emergence did not decrease if the 0-day-old pupae were stored at 10℃ for 1-2 weeks. When the pupae were stored at 7℃ for 1-2 weeks and the emergent wasps were reared at 25℃ with honey and host (L. sativae), the longevity and female proportion were not significantly different from the control; but the offspring production, host-killing capability and proportion host parasitized per fed were significantly decreased by 39.0-50.6、26.5-37.5 and 35.0%. When the pupae were stored at 7℃ for 3 weeks or 10℃ for 1-4 weeks, the female longevity, offspring production, and host-killing capability were significantly decreased by 29.4-42.2、65.8-72.7 and 42.1-60.6%, respectively, compared to those of the control. Adults (0-day-old) were fed only with honey at 15 and 25℃ for various periods for the study of storage conditions. After the end of the storage periods, wasps were kept at 25℃ with both honey and hosts to evaluate their offspring production and host-killing capability. The results revealed that offspring production and host-killing capability of the wasps significantly decreased by 60.6-68.0 and 26.0-36.2% compared to those of the controls after the adults had been stored at 15℃ for 10-20 days and 25℃ for 10 days, respectively. Daily oviposition and host-feeding patterns of females after strage were different from the control. Long-tern storage of pupae and adults of C. okazakii is not recommended. But if long-term storage is required, the best storage condition is maintaining the 0-day-old pupae at 7℃ for 1-2 weeks, followed by female wasps fed with pure honey at 15 and 25℃ for 10-20 and 10 days, respectively. The best storage conditions for wasp release as biopesticide are maintaining 0-day-old pupae at 7℃ for 1-2 weeks or 10℃ for 1-4 weeks; and female wasps fed with honey at 15℃ for 10-30 days or 25℃ for 10 days. |
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