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題名 | Factors Associated with Low Bone Mineral Density among Taiwanese Women Receiving Health Check-ups=體檢婦女低骨質密度的相關因素 |
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作者姓名(中文) | 李燕鳴; | 書刊名 | 臺灣老年醫學暨老年學雜誌 |
卷期 | 3:2 2008.05[民97.05] |
頁次 | 頁106-119 |
分類號 | 412.58 |
關鍵詞 | 骨質疏鬆症; 雙能量X光吸收儀; 危險因素; Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; Osteoporosis; Risk factors; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 目的:近年來因預期壽命的增加,預期骨質疏鬆症的發生繼續上升,而骨質疏鬆相關的骨折對罹病率、死亡率和功能維護的衝擊大,及早診斷和介入是預防骨折的關鍵,當骨質密度(以下簡稱骨密)明顯下降時易發生骨折,本文評估婦女骨低骨密的盛行狀況及其相關因素。 方法:在東臺灣一所教學醫院接受健康檢查的民眾被邀參與這項研究,自填一份健康問卷,內容包括人口學特性、飲食及生活習慣,生育和健康疾病史等。以雙能量X光吸收儀測定脊椎(平均第1至4節)前後徑的骨密,低於0.85 g/cm2界定為「低骨密」,經單變項和複邏輯迴歸統計方法,評估影響「低骨密」的相關因索。 結果:在769位婦女(平均年齡為54.9歲,年齡分佈在 36歲至75歲)的資料分析,發現腰椎的骨質密度在50歲後明顯下降,已停經者屬「低骨密」的比例 (55.7%)是未停經者(16.0%)的三倍。停經婦女可診斷骨質疏鬆症 (T-score≦-2.5)的比例,年齡在61-70歲者占40%,在71-75歲者則是占70%。影響「低骨密」的危險因素,在未停經婦女依序分別是“現時吸菸者”、“低體重 (<49公斤)”和“年齡50歲以上”;在已停經婦女則是“素食”和“年齡60歲以上”。 結論:「低骨密」的情況在未停經和已停經婦女普遍,故應評估相關的危險因子,需要時宜轉介測定骨質密度;諮詢方面應強調戒菸和維持理想體重,對素食者鼓勵補充營養和適時檢查骨質密度,可避免發生骨質疏鬆的風險。 |
英文摘要 | Objectives: The incidence of osteoporosis has risen with increased life expectancy in recent decades. Osteoporosis-related fractures lead to significant morbidity and mortality and poor functional outcome. The risk of fracture escalates significantly as the bone mineral density (BMD) decreases. We assessed the prevalence of low bone mass in women and its associated factors. Methods: Subjects who had received health check-ups at a teaching hospital in eastern Taiwan were invited to participate in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess their demographic characteristics, diet, lifestyles, reproductive and medical history. Bone mineral density of the posterior-anterior lumbar spine (L1- L4) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. A spinal BMD less than 0.85 g/cm2 was defined as low BMDL. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association of risk factors. Results: Data on 769 Taiwanese women, aged from 36 to 75 years old, with a mean age of 54.9 years, were included in this study. The mean of BMDL significantly decreased after aged 50. The percentage of low BMDL was three times higher in postmenopausal women (55.7%) than in their premenopausal counterparts (16.0%). The percentage of osteoporosis (T-score≦-2.5) was about 40% in women from 61~70 years old and 70% in those from 71~75 years old. Among the premenopausal women, three significant factors associated with low BMDL were identified: current smoking, low body weight (<49 kg) and an age ≥51 years. For postmenopausal women, vegetarianism and an age ≥ 61 were significant factors associated with low BMDL. Conclusions: Low BMDL is prevalent among pre- and post- menopausal women. Women should be assessed for risk factors of low BMDL and referred for BMD testing as indicated. Quitting smoking and keeping an ideal body weight should be emphasized at consultation. For the vegetarians, adequate nutritional supplements and appropriate bone density evaluation should be provided to avoid the risk of osteoporosis. |
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