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題名 | 栽培季節氣象環境對水稻臺農71號生產之影響=Influence of Climatic Conditions on Production of Rice Cultivar TNG 71 |
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作者 | 李裕娟; 楊純明; 蕭巧玲; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
卷期 | 58:1 2009.03[民98.03] |
頁次 | 頁45-54 |
分類號 | 434.111 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻; 臺農71號; 氣候變因; 氣象變因; 生產; 多變數迴歸分析; 多元線性複迴歸模式; Rice; Oryza sativa L.; Climatic variables; Yield; Multivariate regression analysis; Multiple linear regression model; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文研究以水稻(Oryza sativa L.)台農71號品種爲試驗材料,在本所利用按月在田間栽植1次之週年栽培方式,探討栽培季節氣象環境對其生產之影響,並以建立氣象變因估測產量之關係模式。本文包括95年12月至96年11月等12個月份栽培季節之試驗資料,惟其中96年9月及10月栽培季節因生殖生長期長期低溫而無產量收穫,因此僅10個季節資料進行分析。氣象環境變因則篩檢栽培季節計算之全生育期累積日平均氣溫(ADMAT)、日射量(AIR)、日照時數(ADSH)、日降水(雨)量(ADP)及日蒸發量(ADE)等5項。經由氣象變因之間的相關矩陣分析,發現霧峰地區之ADMAT與AIR(r=0.976(上標 ***))、ADSH(r=0.764(上標 **))之間均呈極顯著正相關,ADSH與AIR(r=0.785(上標 **))亦呈極顯著正相關,而ADP與ADSH(r=-0.691(上標 *))則呈顯著負相關。另鮮穀粒產量(freshgrainyield, FGY)、乾穀粒產量(drygrainyield, DGY)與氣象環境變因之相關分析結果,因包含適栽與非適栽季節,FGY和AIR、ADMAT、ADSH等兩兩之間皆爲顯性負相關(r值分別爲-0.801(上標 **)、-0.700(上標 *)、-0.716(上標 *)),而DGY之結果亦同(r值分別爲-0.813(上標 **)、-0.724(上標 *)、-0.758(上標 *))。將氣象變因與生產有關之參數進行多變數迴歸分析(multivariate regression analysis),包括生產指數(production index, PI)、收穫指數(harvest index, HI)、FGY、DGY等4項,結果顯示影響生產指數及收穫指數之主要氣象變因爲AIR及ADMAT,分別可解釋82.2% (P=0.002)及82.3% (P=0.002)之指數變異範圍。鮮穀粒產量及乾穀粒產量則以AIR、ADMAT、ADE爲主要氣象變因,R^2分別可解釋81.4% (P=0.013)及81.0% (P=0.014)之產量變異範圍,其影響比重依序分別爲AIR、ADMAT、ADE。綜合上述試驗結果,顯見在霧峰地區以日射量、氣溫及蒸發量爲決定台農71號水稻品種產量之主要氣象變因,藉由量測這些氣象變因輸入所建立多元線性複迴歸模式即可粗估其產量高低。 |
英文摘要 | This study was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute Experimental Farm, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan to study effects of climatic conditions on yield of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. TNG 71). Rice was transplanted in paddy fields every month from December 2007 to January-August and November 2007 to determine effects of different planting dates on grain yield. Weather data used for analyses were seasonal accumulated values of daily mean air temperature (ADMAT), daily irradiance (AIR), daily sunshine hour (ADSH), daily precipitation (ADP), and daily evaporation (ADE). Results from correlation matrix between pairs of climatic variables indicated that, in Wufeng, Taichung, ADMAT was positively correlated with AIR (r=0.976(superscript ***)) and ADSH (r=0.764(superscript **)), ADSH was positively correlated with AIR (r=0.785(superscript **)) and ADP was negatively related to ADSH (r=-0.691(superscript *)). Both fresh grain yield (FGY) and dry grain yield (DGY) were negatively correlated with AIR, ADMAT, and ADSH. The correlation coefficients (r) for AIR, ADMAT and ADSH were -0.801(superscript **), -0.700(superscript *) and -0.716(superscript *), respectively, for FGY, and were -0.813(superscript **), -0.724(superscript *), and -0.758(superscript *), respectively, for DGY. Results of multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses between climatic variables and yield-related parameters, including production index (PI), harvest index (HI), fresh grain yield, and dry grain yield, showed that AIR and ADMAT were the two weather variables affecting PI (R^2=0.822, P=0.002) and HI (R^2=0.823, P=0.002), whereas AIR, ADMAT and ADE were the three weather variables affecting FGY (R^2=0.814, P=0.013) and DGY (R^2=0.810, P=0.014). This study suggests that AIR, ADMAT, and ADE are the three most critical climatic variables in determining yield of rice cultivar TNG 71 in Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan. |
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