查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 臺灣稻米產銷對環境之影響=Influence of Rice Production and Consumption on the Environment of Taiwan |
---|---|
作 者 | 張學琨; | 書刊名 | 中華農業氣象 |
卷 期 | 5:2 1998.04[民87.04] |
頁 次 | 頁61-68 |
分類號 | 431.25 |
關鍵詞 | 水稻生產; 地下水補注; 生態環境; 氣候變遷; Rice production; Ecological environment; Ground water recharge; Global climate change; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 稻米為臺灣最主要糧源,也是國人健康,水資源及生態保育,氣候調節及社會安 定之所繫。唯近 20 年來由於工商迅速發展,國民所得激增,對於飲食種類及方式已朝向多 元化,尤其對肉類、什糧及蔬果等產品消費之急增,相對大幅減少稻米之消費,導致仰賴進 口什糧年年大增, 每年進口量目前已達到 1100 萬公噸左右, 稻米總產量乃由 20 年前的 270 萬公噸被迫減少到目前的 160 萬公噸,減少 41%,稻作面積亦由近 80 萬公頃減到 36 萬公頃,減少 55%。不但直接影響國人營養均衡與健康,也減少了水資源供應,造成無法補 救的地層下陷與破壞生態平衡,減少本土雨量,使氣候乾旱高溫。 在加入 WTO 後,在未來 八年間臺灣須逐漸開放稻米進口 4~8%,稻米產銷面臨更大之競爭壓力。 其因應之道,在政 策方面宜推動國人恢復以米食為主的文化,以增進其消費量,舒解稻米虛剩之壓力,進而逐 漸恢復稻作面積,以消除產銷失衡延伸的問題。在技術面則運用生物科技育成良質,抗逆境 之高產梗、秈、糯稻新品種,以迎合國人不同之嗜好,並降低生產成本,以提升競爭力。 |
英文摘要 | Rice is the major staple food crop in Taiwan. Its production and consumption is strictly related with the national health, conservation of water resources and ecosystem, adjustment of climate as well as social stability. However, due to the rapid development of industry and trade, quick increase of national income, the consumers in Taiwan are tended to diversify in kinds and ways of dietary. Particularly, the consumptionof meats, cereals, vegetables and fruits commodities showed a rapid increase, while the consumption of rice minimized. As a result,the amount of cereals imported increases and reaches to 11 million tons annually so far. The annual gross production of rice decreased 41%, from 2.7 million tons to 1.6 million tons during the past two decades. Meantime, the rice cultivation area decreased 55%, from 800,000 ha to 360,000 ha. It affected not only the national nutrient balance and healthy, but also minimized the replenishment of water resource, resulted in serious land subsidence and impact to ecosystem, decrease of native rainfall, warm-up in temperature and drought. After joining WTO, Taiwan has to gradually import rice from 4 to 8% in the coming 8 years. The rice production and consumption must face more competition strategy. The way of policy solution is to promote the recovery of rice dietary culture, as to enhance the amount of consumption, to overcome the excess of over-supply, to recover cultivation acreage and finally to balance rice production and consumption. In the aspect of technology, to use biotechnology in crop breeding for improving quality and high yield with resistant to environmental stress for japonica, indica and glutinous new rice varieties, to meet the national different habits, and to minimize the cost production for raising competitive ability. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。