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題 名 | 評估生醫用雞胚胎蛋生產模式之成本與效益=Assessment and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Embryonic Egg Production Model for Biomedical Use |
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作 者 | 闕筱芙; 邱智賢; 陳沛祺; 王宏文; 周崇熙; | 書刊名 | 台灣農學會報 |
卷 期 | 16:4 2015.12[民104.12] |
頁 次 | 頁329-348 |
分類號 | 415.12 |
關鍵詞 | 成本效益分析; 胚胎蛋; 淨現值; 情境分析; 疫苗; Cost-benefit analysis; Embryonic eggs; Net present value; Scenario analysis; Vaccine; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 生醫用雞胚胎蛋為我國傳統疫苗生產的主要原料,而根據疫苗種類、製程與實驗目的不同,可分為無特定病原(SPF)與傳統清淨(Conventionalclean)兩種等級。為了解決生醫雞用胚胎蛋「生產規範不明」與「供需不平衡」之問題,本研究希望援引國內外相關規範及準則,酌情產業現況建立可規模化的生醫用雞胚胎蛋生產模式。並進一步以淨現值法、情境分析法與Kaldor-Hick's補償原則來探討其經濟效益,提出決策建議。由生產特性可得知,儘管SPF等級生產模式的建造與營運成本均高於清淨等級生產模式,但其邊際成本遞減效率較佳。不同生產模式的投資效益由高至低分別為清淨等級積極規模(飼養11.5萬羽)、清淨等級保守規模(飼養8.7萬羽)、SPF等級積極規模(飼養8.7千羽),並可分別於第6、6、12年回本。SPF等級與清淨等級生產模式的預期需求量不得超過目前實際需求量之1.17與1.44倍。對總體產業而言,具有產業效益的方案僅有SPF等級積極生產模式,然而諸方案皆會造成部分個體之損失。因此,本研究建議決策者建立規模化的SPF等級生產模式,並與疫苗業者以及國內既有胚胎蛋生產業者建立策略性合作。此外,本研究也建議政府應於政策面、體制面與資源面給予產業協助,期許在維護國民健康安全的基礎上,發展臺灣疫苗產業成為東亞、東南亞地區重要的研發與供應核心。 |
英文摘要 | Embryonic eggs can be classified into specific-pathogen free (SPF) and conventional clean (clean) grades based on vaccine types and experiment objectives. Referring to international guides, local government regulations, and industrial information, we propose mass production programs of embryonic eggs for biomedical use. We also propose resolution for the "unclear standards" and the "imbalance of supply and demand" of embryonic eggs for biomedical use. In addition, net present value, scenario analysis, and Kaldor-Hicks efficiency were used to investigate the investment and industry benefits of the programs. Despite higher construction and operation costs, the marginal costs of the SPF program decrease more than those of the clean program. The analysis results reveal that the clean program under active investment (115,051 chickens), the clean program under conservative investment (87,981 chickens), and the SPF program under active investment (8,798 chickens) will benefit investors and be break even at years 6, 6, and 12, respectively. The over-expected increases and production scales of SPF and clean programs should not exceed 1.17 and 1.44 times the present needs. Considering the development of the overall industry, the SPF program under active investment is the only effective solution. However, any program may cause some losses to the stakeholders. Thus for the benefit of investors and the industry, we recommend investment in the SPF program and suggest cooperation between investors, vaccine manufacturers, and local competitors. Furthermore, we recommend that the government assist the industry through the policies, systems, and resources. These efforts will ensure not only good national immunization plans, but also ensure that the prospect of being the core of international vaccine supply will be achieved through its development in East and Southeast Asia. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。