頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 微粒超級測站PM□質量與成分特徵之研究=Continuous Measurements of PM□ Mass and Speciation from 2007 to 2008 at 5 Aerosol Supersite in Taiwan |
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作者姓名(中文) | 張順欽; | 書刊名 | 行政院環境保護署環境監測及資訊處技術彙刊 |
卷期 | 2 2009.03[民98.03] |
頁次 | 頁1-32 |
分類號 | 445.63 |
關鍵詞 | 超級測站; 二次氣膠; 硫酸鹽; 硝酸鹽; 有機碳; 元素碳; Supersite; Secondary aerosol; Sulfate; Nitrate; Organic carbon; Elemental carbon; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本研究分析2007年及2008年台北及南部共五個微粒超級測站中PM2.5質量濃度與PM2.5化學成份,研究結果顯示新莊、橋頭、前鎮、輔英及潮州超級測站PM2.5平均質量濃度分別為28.6±14.6、34.5±16.5、36.1±17.4、34.5±17.2及32.7±15.9 μg m-3。四個主要化學成分物種中,硫酸鹽佔PM2.5質量約為26.1%~34.2%最高,有機碳約佔21.8%~24.5%次之,硝酸鹽約佔6.6%~14.6%,元素碳約佔5.4%~6.6%。台北新莊測站各PM2.5主要化學成分物種,除硝酸鹽之外,季節性變化不顯著,高屏地區各主要成分季節性變化則相當明顯,均在夏季出現最低濃度。南部地區6月至8月可能因為高溫導致硝酸鹽揮發,硝酸鹽濃度的季節性變化比氮氧化物或硫酸鹽更為明顯,夏季6月至8月南部地區硝酸鹽濃度甚至低於台北新莊測站,惟其他月份高屏地區硝酸鹽濃度卻遠高於台北新莊測站。由於台北新莊測站氮氧化物濃度高於南部地區,可能南部空氣中氨氣濃度過高,提供了有利於硝酸鹽形成的環境。當臭氧濃度上升時,空氣中懸浮微粒(包括PM10及PM2.5)濃度也跟著上升,懸浮微粒增加的質量濃度則以粒徑較小的PM2.5佔72%以上,PM2.5佔PM10的比例從0.61~0.67上升到0.67~0.74。再者,PM2.5化學成分的增加幅度則多高於其前驅物增加的濃度,這顯示在高臭氧濃度下,增加的懸浮微粒質量濃度,除了擴散條件不良產生的累積效應之外,較高的光化學反應活性,則有助於產生更多的二次氣膠。本研究成果提供了PM2.5污染控制策略研擬的重要資訊。 |
英文摘要 | This study focused on the analysis of the characteristics in PM2.5 mass concentration and speciation through using the monitoring data in 2007-2008 from 5 aerosol supersites in Taiwan (one site in Taipei and the others in the southern area). According to the results, the mean mass concentration of PM2.5 in Sinjhuang, Ciaotou, Cianjhen, Daliao and Chaojhou are 28.6±14.6, 34.5±16.5, 36.1±17.4, 34.5±17.2, and 32.7±15.9 μg m-3, respectively. The sulfate concentration, which takes 26.1%-34.2% of the PM2.5 mass, is higher than the other components, followed by organic carbon (OC) at 21.8-24.5%, nitrate at 6.6-14.6%, and elemental carbon (EC) at 5.4-6.6%. Only one component (nitrate) of PM2.5 shows the distinctive seasonal variations in Taipei, while all of the four components show the significant fluctuations of getting down in summer and up to the peaks in fall and winter at the same time in southern Taiwan. Due to the high ambient temperature from June to August in the southern Taiwan, high-concentration nitrate seldom appear in summer owing to the semi-volatile nature of ammonium nitrate. Although the NOX concentration is lower in southern Taiwan, the nitrate concentration is higher than in Taipei except in summer. It could be due to higher concentration of ammonium in southern Taiwan than in Taipei. The concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 increase with O3 concentration increases and the increase of PM2.5 takes the majority part of the PM increase (more than 72%). The ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 increase from 0.61-0.67 to 0.67-0.74. Moreover, the increase of the PM2.5 sulfate, nitrate and organic carbon concentrations are higher than their precursors. It reveals that the increase of PM mass concentration is not only accumulation due to ill dispersion but also due to photochemical production of secondary aerosol in strong photochemical activities. The results show important information for developing the strategies for PM2.5 control. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。