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題名 | 溫度依變下太平洋偽葉蟎在蝴蝶蘭上之生活史=Temperature-Dependent Life History of Tenuipalpus Pacificus (Acariformers: Tenuipalpidae) on Phalaenopsis sp. |
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作 者 | 王文哲; 林明瑩; | 書刊名 | 臺灣昆蟲 |
卷期 | 29:1 2009.05[民98.05] |
頁次 | 頁13-23 |
分類號 | 387.53 |
關鍵詞 | 太平洋偽葉蟎; 蝴蝶蘭; 溫度; 生活史; 族群介量; Tenuipalpus pacificus; Phalaenopsis sp.; Temperature; Life history; Population parameters; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 太平洋偽葉蟎以蝴蝶蘭進行單隻飼育,於 24、28、32、36℃ 等 4 種定溫,相 對濕度 80%、光週期 12:12 (L:D) 之條件下進行。卵於 24℃ 下需時 20.2 日孵 化,在 36℃ 時僅需 6.7 日便能孵化。幼蟎之發育期介於 24℃ 之 9.4 日與 36℃ 之 3.7 日之間,前若蟎介於 24℃ 之 8.6 日與 32℃ 之 3.9 日之間,後若蟎之發 育期則介於 10.0 與 4.1 日之間。整個幼期發育所需時間於 24℃ 時需 48.4 日, 而 28、32 及 36℃ 下則分別需時 31.8、22.6 與 19.4 日。雄成蟎之壽命介於 42.7 與 14.0 日之間,而雌成蟎則介於 42.9 與 21.2 日之間,在 24、28、32 與 36℃ 下平均每隻雌蟎分別產下 10.6、31.3、35.8 與 6.2 粒卵。卵之發育臨界低溫為 18.6℃、幼蟎為 17.0℃、前若蟎為 17.4℃。卵、幼蟎與前若蟎之發育總積溫分別為 122.2、74.3 與 56.6 日度。幼期之發育臨界低溫與發育總積溫分別為 16.2℃ 及 374.5 日度。推估在蘭花栽培之溫室內每年約可發生 9 個世代。將原始資料進行整 理以兩性生命表進行分析,其內在增殖率 (r) 在 24、28、32、36℃ 下分別為 0.0195、0.0531、0.0578、0.0411 (day-1)。而繁殖淨值 (R0) 則依序為 3.6、13.9、 8.4、3.1/雌蟎。平均世代所需時間 (T) 依序為 65.81、49.53、36.87 與 27.72 日。 |
英文摘要 | The life history of Tenuipalpus pacificus on Phalaenopsis sp. was studied at 24, 28, 32, and 36℃, with 80 ± 5% RH and a 12-hr/day photoperiod under laboratory conditions. The egg stage was 20.2 days at 24℃, but it was only 6.7 days at 36℃. The developmental period of the larva stage ranged from 9.4 days at 24℃ to 3.7 days at 36℃. The developmental period of the protonymph stage was between 8.6 days at 24℃ and 3.9 days at 32℃. The developmental period of the deutonymph stage ranged between 10 days and 4.1 days. The developmental periods of the immature stage was 48.4 days at 24℃, and 31.8, 22.6, 19.4 days at 28, 32, and 36℃ respectively. The longevity of the male and female stages was between 42.7 to 14.0 days and 42.9 to 21.2 days respectively. The average fecundity was 10.6, 31.3, 35.9 and 6.2 eggs/female at 24, 28, 32 and 36℃, respectively. The low temperature thresholds of the egg, larva, protonymph, and deutonymph stages were 18.6, 17.0 and 17.4℃ respectively, and the thermal summation of each stage was 122.2, 74.3 and 56.6 degree-day respectively. The low temperature threshold and thermal summation of the immature stage were 16.2℃ and 374.5 degree-days, respectively. It has been estimated that 9 generations can occur in orchid greenhouse annually. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 0.0195, 0.0531, 0.0578, and 0.0411 d -1 at 24, 28, 32, 36℃ respectively. The net reproduction rate (R0) was 3.6, 3.9, 8.4, and 3.1 eggs/female, respectively. The mean generation time (T) was 65.8, 49.5, 36.9 and 27.7 d at 24, 28, 32, and 36℃ respectively. |
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