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題名 | 指數型串聯線性水庫於河川逕流分量之演算=Routings of Runoff Components in a Streamflow Using Cascaded Linear Reservoirs with Exponential Expression |
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作者 | 鄭士仁; 周建明; 潘宗毅; 李如晃; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷期 | 53:2 2007.06[民96.06] |
頁次 | 頁1-14 |
分類號 | 436.124 |
關鍵詞 | 克利金; 單位歷線; 線性水庫; 指數函數; 地表逕流; 地表下逕流; Kriging; Unit hydrograph; Linear reservoir; Exponential function; Surface runoff; Subsurface runoff; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 過去發展之以單位歷線為主之降雨-逕流模式大多只限於模擬地表逕流,對於地表下逕流之演算僅有少數幾種模式可資應用。地表逕流模擬之核心函數為單位歷線法,其為地表逕流推估之有效工具。於推估直接逕流前,需先完成基流分離與超滲降雨之估計,而不同之推估方法對於逕流演算可能有不同之模擬結果。本研究主要目的為發展以指數函數為基礎之單位脈衝響應函數,據以同時模擬集水區河川之地表逕流、快速地表下逕流、緩慢地表下逕流與地下水逕流等逕流分量,且定率各逕流分量彼此間之關係。模式之輸入-平均雨量,有別於傳統方法(徐昇式多邊形法)而採用區塊克利金法予以計算。而模式參數之檢定則應用以有限差分梯度為主之連續二次規劃演算法,經由54場可用之降雨-逕流事件求取最佳參數,而模式合適性,則利用其餘14場事件予以進行驗證。最後,綜理各項研析結果,率定地表逕流、地表下逕流與地下水逕流等各逕流分量彼此間之關係。研究結果可擴展至其他探討集水區水文現象並可提供臺灣各大集水區經理之參考與應用。 |
英文摘要 | The developed rainfall-runoff models with unit hydrograph mainly focus on simulating surface runoff, only a small number of models can be used for subsurface runoff. Unit hydrograph is the kernel of surface runoff routing, it is useful tool for estimation of direct runoff. By simulating surface runoff on the land, abstrations of direct runoff and rainfall excess are necessary to be finished in advance. The different simulating results would probaly occur due to various separation technologies. The major goal of this study is to derive unit pulse response functions based on exponential function and then simulate streamflow components such as surface, rapid subsurface, delayed subsurface and groundwater flows in the selected project watershed. The input of the model, mean rainfall, was estimated using the block Kriging method. Fifty-four avaliable rainfall-runoff were calibrated in optimal process and the best parameters of linear reservoirs derived were obtained by using the successive quadratic programming algorithm and a finite difference gradient. The applicability and validity of the proposed model were verified using 14 observed rainfall-streamflow data from an actual basin. The relationships between surface, subsurface and groundwater runoffs were determined by the study results. These satisfactory results achieved in this study can be extend to explore hydrological condition of catchment, and be applied for watershed management in Taiwan. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。