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題名 | 人的自由意志行為教學計畫之理論與實踐=The Theory and Practice of the Instructional Plan of Human Beings' Behavior of Free Will |
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作者 | 蔡淑麗; | 書刊名 | 全人教育學報 |
卷期 | 1 2007.06[民96.06] |
頁次 | 頁39-72 |
分類號 | 191 |
關鍵詞 | 自由意志; 教學計劃; 教案; 描述性教學目標; 處方性教學目標; 認知方面的行為目標; 技能方面的行為目標; 情意方面的行為目標; 教學方法; Free will; Instructional plan; Lesson plan; Descriptive goals; Prescriptive goals; Goals of cognition; Goals of psychomotor; Goals of affection; Instructional methods; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 「人的自由意志行為」係屬人生哲學課程裡,善的單元下數個課之一。人在世活世界中透過各種活動創造豐富多彩之文化與文明,以開顯生命的意義。由於人在各種活動中所展現的是一種自由意志行為,同時因為人是一種在世存有的社會性動物,其行為往往與周遭世界的他者發生互動性關係,因此必須審慎抉擇自己的行為,並重視倫理。人生哲學課程為強化同學對人的自由意志行為理論之理解,並懂得落實於自己的日常生活中,特別規劃規德(善)的單元,同時在此單元裡設計「人的自由意志行為」這一種。 從教育的觀點言,教學是一種尋求良好師生互動關係的專業知能,它涵括「教」與「學」兩個面向。因此施教者若要達致有效能的教學即提高教學品質與學習成效,必須重視教學理論與教學設計。教學計劃的目標可區分為認知、技能、情意三方面。但在教學目標的實踐上卻出現兩種不同取向:早期將認知、技能、情意三方面的教學目標分別列舉,只說明教學後在學生行為上將會產上此什麼改變,屬描述性教學目標;新近將認知、技能、情意三方面的教學目標做統合性的處理,並進一步說明怎樣才能使學生行為產生預期改變,屬處方性教學目標。 筆者在參與本校九十四學年度教學卓越計畫人生哲學教學手冊教材製備時,負責道德(善)的單元裡「人的自由意志行為」這一課之教案設計,即教學方案的計畫。筆者融合「描述性教學目標」與「處方性教學目標」撰寫。在九十四學年度上學期教授「人生哲學」課程時將此教案試教,並針對試教結果做師生互動教學評量。彙整評量結果後,成效不錯,但深覺教案仍有須改善之處。 |
英文摘要 | "Human Beings' Behavior of Free Will" is one of the lessons under the unit of Good as part of the curriculum of the philosophy of life. In the living world, human beings create colorful cultures and civilizations through many different activities so as to reveal the meaning of life. Human Beings show in all these different activities a behavior of free will. Besides, since Human Beings are a social being, their behaviors often interact with the behaviors of other; subsequently, they have to be deliberate and careful with their behaviors, respecting ethics. In order to make the students understand more about the theory on the behavior of free will and fulfill it in their daily life, in the curriculum of the Philosophy of Life, a unit of Good is specially designed to include the lesson "Human Beings' Behavior of Free Will." From the perspective of education, teaching is a professional knowledge and capability to search for a better interaction between the students and the teachers, including both the aspects of "teaching" and "learning." Therefore, if the instructors wish to achieve effective teaching, that is, to improve on the quality of teaching and the effect of learning, emphasis must placed on the theories and designs of teaching. The goals of instructional plans are categorized into the cognition, psychomotor and affection, while there are two orientations in the fulfillment of these goals. In early days, the instructional goals of cognition, psychomotor and affection were respectively enumerated to demonstrate only how the teaching was going to change the students, behaviors; these are the so-called descriptive instructional goals. Recently, the instructional goals of cognition, psychomotor and affection are handled in an integrated way to further demonstrate how the students' behaviors are going to change as expected; this is what we call the "prescriptive instructional goals." During the preparation of the teaching guide of the Philosophy of Life as part the Teaching Excellence Project of 2005-2006, I was committed to design the lesson plan of "Human Beings' Behavior of Free Will" under the unit of Good, combining both the descriptive instructional goals and the descriptive instructional goals. The lesson plan was put to test in the course of "Philosophy of Life" for the autumn semester of 2005 and evaluated in terms of the interaction between teachers and students. Though the evaluations turned out pretty good, I feel there is still a lot to be improved. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。