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題名 | 憲法解釋與社會保險制度之建構--以社會保險「相互性」關係為中心=The Interpretations of the Constitutional Court and the Construction of Social Insurance Systems--A Study on the Reciprocity of Social Insurance Systems |
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作者 | 孫迺翊; Sun, Nai-yi; |
期刊 | 國立臺灣大學法學論叢 |
出版日期 | 20061100 |
卷期 | 35:6 民95.11 |
頁次 | 頁241-290 |
分類號 | 548.92 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 憲法解釋; 社會保險; 相互性; 社會連帶; 社會福利國原則; 基本國策; 干預式國家; 權力國家; 全民健康保險; 勞工退休金條例; Constitutional interpretation; Social insurance; Sozialversicherung; Reciprocity; Reziprozität; Solidarity; Solidarität; Social welfare state; Sozialstaatsprinzip; Fundamental national policies; Interventionsstaat; Machtstaat; Universal health insurance; Labor pension act; |
中文摘要 | 關於社會保險制度,我國憲法第155條、憲法增修條文第10條第5項定有明文,惟我國憲法缺乏社會福利國的歷史背景與理念基礎,因此憲法與社會政策、立法之間向來欠缺「憲法價值決定-立法落實」的關連性,立法者經常遷就於現實政治實力,建構出與憲法的價值立場不甚相符的制度。其中的關鍵,即在於立法政策上自始即已偏離社會保險的相互性關係,國民亦將保險給付視為國家之恩給而欠缺社會連帶的共識,使得社會保險的財務狀況在民主化之後更難有改善的空間。我國社會保險制度將何去何從,重建相互性關係或捨棄社會連帶走向個別化,正面臨一個十字路口。憲法規範的價值拘束性雖已獲學說與憲法解釋之確認,惟社會保險制度的核心-相互性關係仍有待釋憲者闡明,資源高度集中於國家是否具備社會政策上的正當性,亦有待檢討,為立法者的形成自由畫出更為明確的憲法界限。 |
英文摘要 | The social insurance system and universal health insurance have been stated in Article 155 of the Constitution and in Paragraph 5, Article 10 of the Amendment of the Constitution. However, for lacking of the historical and ideological background of a western social welfare states, our legal system shows little connection between the legislation and the value of the Constitution. Legislators are usually influenced by political power struggles and concern only about elections, therefore, the legal system constructed is not consistent with the constitutional values or the reciprocity of the social insurance. Citizens consider the social insurance as a favor bestowed by the government and not a social responsibilities. This makes the improvement of the financial situation of the social insurance systems difficult, especially after the democratization. We are at the crossroad of reconstruction of a society with reciprocal relationship and development toward individualism. The value of the Constitution has been confirmed; but the core of the social insurance system, i.e., reciprocity and solidarity, needs further interpretation by the Constitutional Court. Righteousness of the social policy in a county with major resources controlled by the government needs to be examined as well. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。