查詢結果分析
來源資料
頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 雅俗的辯證--明代賞玩文化的流行與士商關係的交錯=Between Ya (Refinement) and Su (Vulgarity) : The Popularization of Connoisseurship Culture in the Late Ming |
---|---|
作者 | 王鴻泰; Wang, Hung-tai; |
期刊 | 新史學 |
出版日期 | 20061200 |
卷期 | 17:4 民95.12 |
頁次 | 頁73-143 |
分類號 | 636 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 文人文化; 賞玩文化; 鑒賞; 雅俗; 世俗化; Literati culture; Connoisseur culture; Connoisseurship; Secularization; Popularization; |
中文摘要 | 文人文化的流行是明清社會文化發展的重要特色,而物的賞玩,尤其是古玩字畫的鑑賞,更是文人文化的重要體現。本文嘗試將此種賞玩文化放在社會生活層面來考察,觀察其如何在不同的社會階層間流傳、辯證,希望藉此動態的發展過程,觀察社會文化的演進,同時,由此理解明清文人文化如何在具體的社會情境與歷史過程中形成、演化。透過古玩字畫的品賞,以建構超脫於世俗的「雅」的生活情境,是文人文化的重要內涵。然而,明代賞玩文化的發展,一直處在市場化、商品化力量的包圍下。它是在文人與商人交雜的處境中,雅 / 俗關係不斷交纏、游移、辯證的過程。本文試圖打破雅 / 俗截然二分的觀念,將代表「雅」文化的賞玩文化的發展,放在代表「俗」世力量的市場機制下來討論,從中考察古玩字畫之類物件的屬性如何在「藝品」與「商品」之間游移,同時觀測文人與商人之間,如何在市場與文化場域中錯位、互動,由此進而思辯雅 / 俗的辯證如何推動文人文化的發展。明後期藝品的交易賞玩促成文人與商人的交雜,此種交雜又推動經濟與文化的流通。商人的投入造成大量資金流入,活絡玩物市場與文藝社會的發展。同時,商人的參與也激起文人的文化緊張感,因而觸發雅 / 俗的辯證,此則又刺激文人文化內涵與形式的不斷拓展。此種文化內容的拓展,又與市場機能交相作用,因而推動整體社會文化的發展。 |
英文摘要 | The prevalence of wenren wenhua (literati culture) was a key development of the Ming-Qing period, a development in which the connoisseurship of objects--antiques, calligraphy, and paintings--played a central role. This article examines this culture of connoisseurship in the context of social life, observing how the passion for objects traveled across different social classes and how its meanings were renegotiated in the process. By revealing a dynamic development driven by the circulation and appreciation of objects, we will be able to achieve a better understanding of the formation and evolution of literati culture. In brief, a key element of literati culture lay in its construction of a world of ya (elegance) through the connoisseurship of objects. Despite the unworldly implications of ya, this culture was in fact deeply embedded in a highly commercialized market economy, which marked a sharp turning point in the development of boya wenhua (博雅文化, a culture of learning and refinement) that can be traced as far back as the Song dynasty. In the late Ming social environment where literati and merchants exhibited unprecedentedly close association, the notions of ya (refinement) and su (vulgarity) became inherently entangled and their connotations open to constant revision. One the one hand, literati profited from the wealth that merchants invested to imitate their elegant lifestyle. On the other hand, the same group of cultural elites also worked to constantly revise their practices of ya so that a clear distinction between elites and their aspiring imitators could be maintained. Therefore, the apparent dichotomy of ya and su in fact masked the fact that the boundary between "artifacts" and "commodities" was shifting and unstable. In this sense, the dialectics between ya and su offer us a window to study how the intersection between market economy and elite culture practice became the driving force for the development of literati culture in the Ming-Qing period. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。