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題名 | 先秦至兩漢被動式句法探究=Passive Constructions in Ancient Chinese Texts |
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作者姓名(中文) | 王麗華; | 書刊名 | 淡江人文社會學刊 |
卷期 | 27 民95.09 |
頁次 | 頁1-41 |
分類號 | 802.632 |
關鍵詞 | 施事者; 述語; 受事者; 助動詞; 介詞; Agent; Verb; Recipient; Auxiliary; Preposition; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 先秦與兩漢表現被動句,可以用標誌,也可以不用標誌。不用標誌者,須憑文義判斷,有時可能出現主動與被動用同一個字表現,若未依文義,則難分辨。而有標誌者,則易別之。其時所用之標誌,包括助動詞「見」、「受」、「被」、「為」、「所」,及介詞「於」、「于」、「乎」、「為」、「在」。 先秦被動式範圍較兩漢為小,及至兩漢,範圍漸次擴大,且有標誌亦較多。從初始之主動句與被動句無別,至春秋以後,以表被動之助動詞與介詞為標誌,展現被動句式,主動句與被動句遂於分辨上較無困難。 本文除先秦、兩漢之書,尚佐以魏晉、唐宋、清之詩、文及書為例句,採條例式比對用法,以明其使用與演進之情形。 |
英文摘要 | In the texts available during the period between Pre-Han and Han dynasties, passive constructions can be expressed either with marking or without semantic marking. Very likely, the same world can be sued both as the active and as passive expression. It is difficult to distinguish the different usages without reference to its semantic context. The difference in usage can clearly be identified with its semantic marking. The range of the use of passive constructions in Pre-Han texts is more limited, compared with those in Han dynasties. In Han texts, the use of passive constructions is more prevailing and is characterized by clear semantic markings, such as passive auxiliaries and passive prepositions. In this article I will analyze the exampled sentences excerpted mostly from Pre-Han and Han dynasties texts, and compare then with poems and prose writing in later periods, in order to explain the development of the usage of passive constructions. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。