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題名 | 中華人民共和國懲罰性賠償金制度之現狀與未來發展--從消保法過渡到民法典草案之考察=The Current Status and Future Development of Punitive Damages in P.R.C.--A Observation and Study on the Paths of Transitions from "Consumer Protection Law" to "Civil Code Draft" |
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作者 | 戴志傑; Tai, Chih-chieh; |
期刊 | 經社法制論叢 |
出版日期 | 20070100 |
卷期 | 39 2007.01[民96.01] |
頁次 | 頁91-133 |
分類號 | 496.34 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 比較法; 英美法; 大陸法; 社會主義法; 中國法; 懲罰性賠償金; 補償性賠償金; 消費者權益保護法; 民法典; 合同; 侵權行為; 欺詐; Comparative law; Anglo-American law; Civil law; Socialist law; China law; Punitive damages; Compensatory damages; Consumer protection law; Civil code; Contract; Tort; Fraud; |
中文摘要 | 懲罰性賠償金為英美法上之特有制度,其意義乃是在補償性賠償外,為懲罰具有惡意動機的不法行為人以及為嚇阻他人於未來從事類似之不法行為,而所給予的賠償金。故該制度之主要目的乃係為了懲罰與嚇阻,然在實踐上之結果亦具有補償與執行法律等次要功能存在。由於經濟的發展使得中華人民共和國的消費者問題日漸嚴重,故其便於《消費者權益保護法》第四十九條首次確立懲罰性賠償金的民事責任,以鼓勵消費者積極與經營者的欺詐行為作鬥爭,進而督促經營者誠實經營。然而該條文制度實踐至今卻引發許多爭議,雖然該制度爭議長久以來一直是關切的議題,但意見卻仍未一致,且從中華人民共和國正在起草的《民法典》草案版本觀之,該制度極可能將納入《民法典》之中,而為其民事立法和民法學上的一項新課題。因此,在鑑於《消費者權益保護法》第四十九條實踐上所生之問題以及《民法典》草案版本之研擬,本文即就該制度之現狀予以探討並考察其未來之發展。 |
英文摘要 | Punitive damages is one of the distinctions in Anglo-American law, which is the damages to punish outrageous conduct and deter possible occurrence of misconduct in the future, except the purpose of comensatory damages. Therefore, the main purposes of punitive damages are not only punishment and deterrence, but also the secondary function of compensation and law enforcement in practice. The rapid economic development has resulted in serious consumer problems in China increasingly. In order to cope with the circumstances, the 49th clause in the "consumer protectino law" initiates the civil liability of punitive damages. The aim of the 49th clause is to encourage consumers to challenge the fraudulent conduct and to supervise business holders to process faithful trades. However, the 49th clause has provoked many controversies. Although it has been an subject of study for a long time, it is rare to find consistent comments of punitive damages. Now some scholars in charge of drafting civil code advocate bringing punitive damages into China's civil code. Thus, the study of punitive damages will be a new subject of the study of the civil law and its legislation in China. Whereas the practical problems of the punitive damages of the 49th clause and the on going drafting of scholarly civil code, the purpose of this paper is to discuss current application of the punitive damages in China, as well as explore its future development. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。