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題名 | 兩漢時期孟子學發展概況--兼論孟子心性說對當代思想之影響=The Development of Mencius Study in the Two-Han Period |
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作者 | 黃立人; Huang, Li-ren; |
期刊 | 博學 |
出版日期 | 20070100 |
卷期 | 5 2007.01[民96.01] |
頁次 | 頁83-98 |
分類號 | 122 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 孟子; 孟子心性說; 兩漢; 兩漢孟學; Mencius; Two-Han period; Mencius study in the two-H; |
中文摘要 | 孟子學說興成於戰國晚期,形成所 謂「思孟學派」,可謂弘展於一時,然荀非難孟子於後,繼以秦制挾書之律、取焚書之策,孟學亦在被抑之列,而孟子徒黨盡矣,影響所及不可謂不大,孟學聲勢為之一墜。而此挾書之律至西漢惠帝年間仍存,孟學當然亦在禁制之列。而至漢文帝年間,文帝廣開學路,置《孟子》為傳記博士、立為學官,孟學開始受到官方的注意。然不久後即罷傳記博士,獨立五經而已。而兩漢時期之學術重點置於經學,而且因為董仲舒之關係儒學充斥五行陰陽之說,一時之間識緯之說、託古作偽之風盈天下,漢儒之言動輒陰陽災異,與儒學本源差之遠矣。 此為孟學之所以隱晦的原因之一。再加上然孟子學繼秦火之後雖在漢世重見天日,但此時之孟學、甚致是儒學被五行陰陽之思潮影響,皆已失其原來本義,此時期可謂是孟學之隱晦時期。但也就是在此時期,孟學亦由隱復顯,其中更不乏為之注者。如趙歧之孟子注,迄今仍為重要之注本。也有不少人援引《孟子》作為其立論之依據。除了在著論上徵引《孟子》之外,也出現不少有關於《孟子》的專書。兩漢時期之孟學雖不及戰國晚期時興盛,然對於孟學之傳承以至於在宋代之振興,都有其孟學史上之重要意義。歷代學者對於孟子學的究多將重要放置於孟學興盛的宋代,或其後的明清,對漢代的孟狀況則較少研究。其實兩漢孟學的發展狀況亦是孟學史上重要的一環。 |
英文摘要 | The Mencius theory is popular in the late Warring States period, forming so-called “the school of Si-Meng” (思孟學派), a dominant school in that period. However, Mencius theory soon be constrained by Xunzi’s rebuking and Qin’s burning books policy and the law of forbidden collection, which greatly impacted the development of Mencius development. The law continued to Western Han Hudi (惠帝) and bing abolished by Han Wendi (文帝) through encouraging the study of Mencius and promoted Mencius to the position of Erudite (boshi博士). However, Classics was the main academic stream in two-han period, and besides Han Confucianism diverged far form the real Cofnucianism by Dong Zhongshu’s (董仲舒) involving the theory of the Five Elements (五行) and the philosophy of Yin-Yang (陰陽), this is one of the reason that Mencius declined in that period. Nevertheless, f many scholars writing their commentary on Mencius, Zhao-Qi (趙歧) is well-known in his commentary on the Mencius. Although Mencius is not as popular in two-Han dynasty as in the late Warring States period, two-Han dynasty still plays the role of inheritance, triggered the later promotion in Son dynasty. Most of scholars ignored Mencius study in the two-Han and focused their study in the Song or Ming and Qjng dynasty. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。