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| 題 名 | 臺灣之酪梨疫病=Phytophthora Diseases of Avocado in Taiwan |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 安寶貞; 王姻婷; 張福炘; 蔡志濃; 石信德; | 書刊名 | 臺灣農業研究 |
| 卷 期 | 55:1 民95.03 |
| 頁 次 | 頁13-24 |
| 分類號 | 435.312 |
| 關鍵詞 | 酪梨; 根腐病; Phytophthora cinnamomi; P. palmivora; Avocado; Root rot; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 近年來,酪梨根腐病普遍發生於各栽培地區,受害株黃化、落葉、枯死,造成果農極嚴重之損失,尤其颱風過後,果園植株急性發病,病勢進展極速,於短時內造成罹病株大量死亡,導致許多果園廢耕。數年來,採集14處罹病酪梨園中之腐敗根系,經分離鑑定,獲得兩種疫病菌,包括Phytophthora cinnamomi與P. palmivora。其中P. cinnamomi分離自11處果園,共57菌株,包括7A^1與50 A^2菌株;而P. palmivora分離自3處果園,共24 A^2菌株。此外,自罹病果實分離得一株之P. palmivora (A^2)。兩種疫病菌均屬標準型(typical type)。經接種試驗,供試之P. cinnamomi菌株均對酪梨幼苗具病原性,引起幼苗死亡;而P. palmivora引起幼苗根腐與果實腐敗。在病害防治方面,亞磷酸、福賽得及鋅錳滅達樂對酪梨幼苗疫病具防治效果。 |
| 英文摘要 | Decline and death of avocado trees are very common in Taiwan in recent years. Diseased plants showed symptoms of stem dieback, leaf yellowing and defoliation, and serious root rot and necrosis. All infected trees died eventually 3-5 years after appearance of declining symptoms. Avocado trees also showed quick decline symptoms. The whole trees wilted and died within 1-2 months after flooding as a result of serious Typhoon. A total of 14 diseased avocado orchards were surveyed from 1977 to 2004. Phytophthora was detected from diseased tissues of all tested orchards and two species, P. cinnamomi and P. palmivora, were obtained. P. cinnamomi (7A^1 and 57A^2 isolates) was isolated from 11 orchards, and P. palmivora (24A^2 isolates) was obtained from 3 orchards. An A^2 isolate of P. palmivora was also obtained from a diseased fruit. Both Phytophthora species were of the typical type based on Waterhouse's Description. Tested isolates of P. cinnamomi and P. palmivora were shown to be pathogenic to avocado seedling roots and fruit, respectively, and the same fungi were reisolated from inoculated diseased tissues. Phosphorous acid, Fosetyl-aluminum and Metalaxyl mancozeb were effective in decreasing Phytophthora root rot of avocado seedlings in pot study. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。