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題名 | 國家認同初探--紐西蘭的經驗=A Brief Review of New Zealand National Identity |
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作者姓名(中文) | 闕河嘉; | 書刊名 | 臺灣國際研究季刊 |
卷期 | 2:3 民95.秋 |
頁次 | 頁27-46 |
分類號 | 571.11 |
關鍵詞 | 認同; 國家認同; 紐西蘭; 多元文化; 雙文化; 原住民; Identity; National identity; New Zealand; Maori; Biculturalism; Multiculturalism; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文試圖提出一個認識紐西蘭國家認同發展的圖像。在紐西蘭, 國家認同的議題以不同的形式被討論已經很久了,包括民族認同、 民族意識、族群意識、或族群認同。「認同」的相關的學理建構在紐 西蘭早已耕耘多年,紐西蘭人在認同的思考的確顯示出其多樣性。 本文首先將說明歷史發展在紐西蘭社會討論國家認同的重要性。接 著再簡介紐西蘭學術界中關於認同觀點的特色。之後,本文提出影 響當今紐西蘭國家認同形塑的關鍵議題-雙文化論或多元文化論。 這兩論點的爭論也補充說明歷史發展的重要性;一方面,雙文化是 歷史以來紐西蘭社會所為承認毛利原住民在紐西蘭的主權與自我獨 立所做的努力。而多元文化是為了反應當今的紐西蘭社會人口族群 組成確實充滿著外來移民的事實。最後,本文將簡述三種當今紐西 蘭社會現況下「毛利認同」的面貌與意涵:傳統、強制、變動。藉 由這個討論說明,在不同國家認同主張爭論的現況裡,紐西蘭的毛 利原住民究竟可能如何表達其族群認同。 |
英文摘要 | This paper introduces the development of New Zealand’s national identity in recent years. Given that no one discipline has a monopoly on the concept of identities, in theorizing about national and ethnic identities in New Zealand are various. This paper first explores the significance of historical development around the topic of national identities, the ways in which New Zealand national identities are historically patterned. This historical development accounts for the nature of national identities as socially constituted, dynamic and multi-layered. Historical development also leads to the debates of biculturalism and multiculturalism for the New Zealand society, and this is the main part for the next section. These debates are aroused from the New Zealand Maori indigenous people’s claim for a bicultural society, and the fact of current multicultural New Zealand population compositions resulted from immigration policies developed around 1970s and 1986. Last, because of the influences by postmodern theories of multiplicity, fragmentary, contingency and difference, the ‘Maori identities’ have been undergoing development. This paper offers discussions of three discourses of Maori identities: fixed, fluid, forced. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。