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題 名 | 美國寄養兒童的心理健康問題及其對策=Foster Children's Mental Health: Problems and Solution |
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作 者 | 鄭敦淳; 江玉龍; | 書刊名 | 社區發展季刊 |
卷 期 | 113 民95.03 |
頁 次 | 頁196-207 |
分類號 | 548.133 |
關鍵詞 | 美國; 寄養兒童; 心理健康問題; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 研究指出寄養兒童是心理健康問題的高危險群體。寄養兒童心理健康問題的高比例主要是他們所經歷的家庭創傷,被安置到寄養照顧系統對他們的心理衝擊,以及與親生父母分離的結果。寄養兒童的心理健康問題對兒童福利系統是很大的挑戰。這些挑戰主要包括缺乏專門服務於這一特殊群體的心理健康專業人員,兒童社工和寄養父母也缺乏有關心理健康的訓練。面對這些問題,常常使兒童福利系統的工作人員感到困擾。由一些機構所提出的各種措施正為改進寄養兒童的心理健康問題提供很好的指導作用,發揮效益。及早發現寄養兒童的心理健康問題是防治的重要一環。為此,本文介紹了由加州心理健康協會制訂的寄養兒童心理健康篩選表。直接接觸兒童的社工在防治寄養兒童心理健康問題方面有著重要作用。本文討論了社工怎樣幫助評估和治療寄養兒童心理健康的問題。並指出對寄養兒童的心理健康治療要爭取寄養父母的參與,採取以家庭為中心的治療方法。本文概述了這種新的實踐的一些作法。並指出直接在家裡關照有心理問題的寄養兒童已成為未來兒童保護工作的必然趨勢。 |
英文摘要 | Research indicates that foster children represent a high-risk population for mental health problems. Higher prevalence of mental health problems among foster children is the result of experiences and trauma associated with high-risk and often dysfunctional family settings, acute reactions to the trauma of being placed in foster care, and being separated from the biological parents. The mental health problems can present challenges to child welfare system. The major challenges are lack of mental health professionals available to this population and lack of mental health training for both children social workers and foster families. With these circumstances, many who are involved in child welfare can end up feeling frustrated. The solutions that some organizations are brainstorming and implementing could ultimately serve as guideposts for communities across the United States. Identifying the mental health problems among foster children at the very beginning is one of the important steps for treatment. The Mental Health Screening Tool for foster children, which was developed by California Institute for Mental Health, is introduced for this purpose. Social workers who work directly with children can do much to strengthen their roles as mental health advocates and to contribute to improving the emotional well being of the children with whom they work. The paper discusses how social workers can help the assessment and treatment for foster children's mental health problems. Mental health treatment for foster children should actively involve foster parents in the treatment process, and should be family-centered rather than child-centered. Some guidelines for this new style of practice are reviewed. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。