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頁籤選單縮合
題名 | 豬草(Ambrosia Artemisiifolia)發芽特性及化學防除=Seed Germination and Chemical Control of Common Ragweed (Ambrosia Artemisiifolia) |
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作者 | 徐玲明; Hsu, L. M.; |
期刊 | 植物保護學會會刊 |
出版日期 | 20051200 |
卷期 | 47:4 民94.12 |
頁次 | 頁361-370 |
分類號 | 433.58 |
語文 | chi |
關鍵詞 | 豬草; 發芽率; 萌前除草劑; 萌後除草劑; 雜草防除; Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Germination; Pre-emergence herbicide; Post-emergence herbicide; Weed control; |
中文摘要 | 豬草 ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia ) 可發芽的溫度在 8-36℃ 之間, 8-16℃ 時最高發芽率為 60-68 % ,隨著溫度升高發芽率降低。有、無光照時發芽率分別是 50 % 、 65 % ,兩者之間沒有顯著差異。種子隨著種植深度增加萌芽率下降,種植深度 5 cm 時仍有 11 % 的萌芽率。 pH 6~9 之間發芽率維持在 64-72 % 。水分潛勢 0 ~ -0.2 MPa 發芽率沒有顯著差異, -0.4 ~ -1.0 MPa 之間,隨著水分的減少而明顯下降。測試 12 種萌前及 10 種萌後除草劑,評估對豬草的防除效果,發現萌前藥劑草脫淨、達有龍、滅必淨施用後對豬草有 99 % 以上的防除率;萌後除草劑嘉磷塞、固殺草、巴拉刈和滅必淨防除率達 92-100 % ,伏速隆和本達隆的防除率為 66-73 % ,其餘參試藥劑對豬草的防除效果不佳。 |
英文摘要 | Common ragweed ( Ambrosia artemisiifolia ) is one of the principal causes of late-season "hay fever" allergies. It is regarded as one of the worst weeds in many countries because its invasiveness, potential for spread, and economic and environmental impacts. In this study, the effects of temperature, pH, water potential and planting depth on the growth common ragweed were determined. Temperatures suitable for seed germination of common ragweed ranged from 8 to 36 °C. Initial germination was around 4 days after treatment in range of 20-32℃, and accumulated germination reached a plateau at 60-68 % from 12-16℃ about 50 days after planting. Light was not required for seed germination; both 50 % and 65 % of germination rate were obtained in light and in the dark, respectively. Seedling emergence decreased with the increased planting depth, and the maximum limit of depth for emergence was 5 cm. In addition, 64-72 % of seed germination was found at pH value between 6 to 9. Under the water potential below -0.4 MPa, seed germination decreased significantly with water stress. We tested normal field used rate (X) and reduced rate (0.75X) of 22 herbicides on common ragweed. Pre-emergence test showed that atrazine, diuron, and metribuzin provided 99 % of control percentage, and the same control was found in 0.75X treatment. Post-emergence application of glufosinate, glyphosate, paraquat and metribuzin resulted in 92-100 % reduction in fresh weight at 21 days after foliar application. Flazasulfuron and bentazon provided 66-73 % control, and these herbicides at reduced rates were less effective. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。