頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 臺灣理學教育的轉型與未來的挑戰=Taiwan Science Education Reforming and the Future Challenges |
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作 者 | 方泰山; | 書刊名 | 教育資料與研究 |
卷 期 | 69 民95.04 |
頁 次 | 頁33-46 |
分類號 | 303 |
關鍵詞 | 數理課程的發展; 國際數理教育評比; 國際數理科學奧林匹亞; 科學素養; 因材施教與課程分級; Science curriculum development; IEA; International science olympiads; Math. and science literacy; General and advance science courses; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 五十年來,臺灣中小學理教育以數理課程為核心,而數理課程一直又是由教育部統一制定之「課程標準」來規範,臺師大科教中心在科指會指導與諮詢之下,一直扮演執行面舉足輕重角色。其間在6-3-3學制下,數理課程的發展由「數學、生活、自然、理化、博物」到「數學、生活、自然、物理、「化學、生物、地球科學」可略分為五大階段:(一)戰後至1962年,承襲大陸舊制與日本殖民,是以敘述性理學為主的所謂戰後重整的古典課程期;(二)1963年至1983年,以直追歐美太空探險為目標的九年義務教育,所謂培育菁英的學院數理課程期;(三)1984年能源危機型至今,漸進施行試探性教學,所謂多元數理科學課程期,其間端出數理資班與基礎科學資優人才培育實驗計畫、週未數理科學營、基礎科學資優人才培育計畫、臺灣國際科展、科學實驗班、創造力研習、大學數理精英選讀班,且陸續接受國際數理科學奧林匹亞的挑戰與科學素養如,IEA的種評比,在在顯示臺灣在數理科學方面,教育出全球一流的世界公民;(四)1995年,繼經改、政改、教改正式起動,小一開始所謂「建構」教學法;(五)1999年,高中數理課程數科書完全開放民營,小一、四正式施行「自由化」與「民主化」之謂九年一貫鬆綁課程期。TIMSS-2003正式施測結果在2004年12月16日全世界同步公布,與加入2004年起動二年的國際國中學生統整科學奧林匹亞競賽(IJSO),考驗結果,不論是義務教育的科學素養或資科學教育,並沒有想像中的快速滑落。除此OECD/PISA2006年跨國高中生科學評量正進行中,並正籌備加入已十年歷史的國際天文奧林匹亞(IAO)與開創地球科學奧林匹亞競賽,更能深入評估臺灣推動數理科學教育改革十二年的成效。值此數理教育平民化的同時,國幅應有完善的一流理學人才培育政策與制度來達成因才施教與課程分級的理想。 |
英文摘要 | For 50 years, the Taiwan elementary and middle school’s science education takes the mathematics and science curriculum as the cores, but “the curriculum standard” continuously are also unified by the Ministry of Education (MOE) and was formulated to come to the reality by science education centre of National Taiwan Normal University under the supervision of Science Education Steering with 6-3-3 of K-12 educational system, curriculum development of Neo-Confucianism may roughly divided into five big periods: (1)1st Period: 1949-1957 Classical Science Education (mixed from Mainland China and Japan colonizes); (2)2nd Period: 1958-1973 Spunick (Academic Orient) science Education (Junior High Nuffield Science from UK and Senior High Science form USA); These first two periods are of imported Science Education; (3)3rd Period: 1974 (energy crises)-nowadays (Science, Technology and Society, STS) science Education, so-called multi-phases Science subject study curriculum time; (4)4th Period: 1995-democratic science education right after the success of economic innovation and the peaceful political power hand-over revolution, the high school science curriculum textbook completely opens privately operation, pin-point on so called “constructivism” science education period and/or nine years all along deregulates the curriculum time; (5)5th Period: 2002 to foreseeable future, integrated science education is being on its way and opening era of “liberalization” and “democratization” curriculum. The later three periods are self-running 9so called Made In Taiwan) science education: (after SEC founded). Timss-2003 officially executes measured result in December 16, 2004 world synchronization announcement, with joins in 2004 to start two years Intentional Junior Science Olympiad (IJSO), results show that no matter is the compulsory math and science education and/or that of the gifted math and science equation, certainly didn’t come to as having predicted form some conservative people said fast to fall. Besides, general survey of the literacy of senior high students of OECD/PISA in 2006 the arrangement of joins the ten years old International Astronomy Olympiad(IAO) and co-organized 1st International Earth Science Olympiad 2006 in South Korea, can further appraise and testify the result of Taiwan impetus Math and Science education in past 12 years reforms. Several supporting diversity programs, such as science fair, science competition, science holiday-study-camp, advanced senior science courses as well as the assessment system for entrance examinations are being either created and/or revised. New strategy and practicum of the science education for senior high (grade 10 to 12) is to be on its stage in 2009. The success of abstracting the high quality and interest of students to engage in the career of research in science is the indication of the triumph of mathematics and science education. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。