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題名 | Observation of a Rickettsia-like Organism in Two Cultured Pet Fishes, Electric Blue Hap (Haplochromis Ahli) and Johanni Mauna (Melanochromis Auratus), and Cultured Tilapias in Taiwan=立克次體樣生物感染臺灣兩種觀賞魚與養殖吳郭魚之研究 |
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作者 | 王瑜琦; 張朴性; | 書刊名 | 樹人學報 |
卷期 | 2 民93.07 |
頁次 | 頁167-185 |
分類號 | 439.5 |
關鍵詞 | 立克次體; 立克次體樣生物; 吳郭魚; 慈鯛科; Cichlidae; Rickettsia; Rickettsia-like organism; RLO; Tilapias; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 隨著臺灣南部養殖觀賞魚爆發的疫情,觀察到慈鯛科中兩種熱帶淡水魚,阿里(Haplochromic ahli)、非洲王子(Melanochromis auratus)體內有立克次體樣生物rickettsia-like organism (RLO)存在。此疾病大多爆發於十月至隔年三月,受感染的魚體通常會變蒼白和倦怠,並且在皮膚部份產生出血以及潰瘍現象。顯著的外在病理變化發生在脾臟和腎臟,臟器會有腫大的情形且內含各種大小的白色結節。組織病理的影響包括組織壞死和肉芽腫的形成,明顯出現在脾臟,腎臟,肝臟和鰓。在宿主細胞細胞質液泡內常可發現RLO,用穿透性電子顯微鏡可看出存在細胞質液泡內的微生物,在外觀上類似立克次體。根據流行病學、臨床病癥、外在病理、組織病理和顯微鏡下的型態,均顯示此生物體類似1994年引起臺灣養殖吳郭魚大量死亡的病原(Chern & Chao)。在體外感染實驗,受RLO感染的魚體脾組織均質液,均可使實驗組魚體的脾臟和腎臟腫大,並出現白色結節,且有死亡的情形。 |
英文摘要 | Following outbreaks of a disease with mortality amoung cultured pet fish in Southern Taiwan, a rickettsia-like organism (RLO) was observed in electric blue hap (Haplochromis ahli) and johanni mauna (Melanochromis auratus), two tropical freshwater pet fish of the family Cichlidae. Most of the outbreaks occurred between October and March of the following year. The affected fish usually became pale and lethargic and developed haemorrhages and ulcers in the skin. The significant gross pathological changes were in the spleen and kidney, which became enlarged and contained variously-sized white nodules. Histopathological effects (tissue necrosis, vacuolar degeneration and granuloma formation) were most obvious in the spleen, kidney, liver and gill. RLOs were frequently found within host cell intracytoplamic vacuoles, and transmission electron microscopy showed that the microorganisms within these membrane-bound cytoplasmic vacuoles were similar in appearance to rickettsia. The epidermiology, clinical signs, gross pathology and histopathology of this disease as well as the appearance of the organism under the electron microscope all suggest that the causative agents were similar to those that caused an outbreaks in Taiwan's cultured tilapia population in 1994 (Chern & Chao). In an experimental challenge test, homogenized spleen tissue fluid from RLO-infected electric blue hap, johanni mauna and tilapia induced enlarged spleens and kidneys with while nodules and mortalities in all three species. The manifestation of the disease and the identity of its causative agents in these two pet fish, species in tilapia and in salmonid are also discussed. |
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