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題 名 | Penman-Monteith方程式蒸汽壓力差計算式適用性評估:頻率分析法=Assessing the Applicability of Vapor-Pressure-Deficit Calculation Methods in the Penman-Monteith Equation: Frequency Approach |
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作 者 | 黃振昌; 張德鑫; 宋易倫; | 書刊名 | 氣象學報 |
卷 期 | 46:1 民94.12 |
頁 次 | 頁13-29 |
分類號 | 328.61 |
關鍵詞 | 蒸汽壓力差; 蒸發散量; 頻率分析; Vapor pressure deficit; Evapotranspiration; Frequency approach; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 蒸氣壓力差(vapor pressure deficit, VPD)不僅是蒸發現象物理條件之一,亦是蒸發散量混合法估算模型重要成分。由於氣候環境特性、氣象因子考量及平均方式等之不同,目前遂有超過十種以上VPD計算式,為國內外機構或學者推荐並在世界各地廣泛應用。本文以誤差(error)、全距(range)及頻率分析(frequency approach),匹配權重指數(weighted index, WI)予以量化方式,應用臺灣各地農業氣候分區氣象觀測記錄,評估國內外機構學者推荐VPD計算式,在國內應用時適用性之比較與探討。 分析結果顯示,各地農業氣候分區均呈現,以24個時溫度日平均為飽和蒸氣壓力,與濕球下陷量為實際蒸氣壓力之VPD計算式,具誤差最少、全距最小、出現頻率最多及最高權重指數,性能表現最佳,最適用在臺灣各地農業氣候分區之應用。 |
英文摘要 | Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is not just one of the physical conditions of evaporation phenomenon, but also an important parameter in calculating evapotranspiration, particularly in the combination-type equations. Due to different environmental characteristics and climate variables considered, more than 10 VPD calculation methods have been recommended and widely applied in the world. This study analyzed and compared with these methods, using data from meteorological stations, to determine the optimal method that can be applied in Taiwan. Error, range, and frequency approaches as well as weighted index (WI) were also used to evaluate the results and applicability for these methods. The results indicated that the VPD cauculation using the mean of 24 hourly temperature values as saturation vapor pressure and wet-bulb depression as actual vapor pressure yielded the lowest error, the least range, and the most frequency with the highest WI. Accordingly, the performance and/or the appropriateness of this method was proved better than all the other methods and recommended to be applied in each agro-climate division in Taiwan. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。