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題 名 | 還原「ADHD標記」真相?--不同標記與行為訊息對國小師生之知覺影響=The Effects of ADHD Label and Behavioral Information on Teachers' and Peers' Perception |
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作 者 | 蔡明富; 洪儷瑜; | 書刊名 | 特殊教育研究學刊 |
卷 期 | 28 民94.03 |
頁 次 | 頁167-190 |
分類號 | 529.68 |
關鍵詞 | 教師; 同儕; 注意力缺陷過動症; 標記; Teacher; Peer; ADHD; Label; Perception; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 為探討國小普通班教師與學生對標記過程之詮釋,本研究以不同標記與行為訊息對臺北縣國小普通班師生在學校適應預測與社會距離之知覺影響,採取2(不同對象:教師/同儕)×3(不同標記訊息:ADHD/精力充沛/正常學生)×3(不同行為訊息:ADHD行為/適當行為/未描述行為)三因子受試者間實驗設計,各270名教師與同儕隨機分9組,每組30人,同時實施「標記與行為知覺問卷」,收集受試對ADHD的學校適應預測與社會距離之知覺。研究結果主要發現有三:一、如果只有出現標記訊息,師生對精力充沛標記、正常學生標記訊息的學校適應預測分別優於出現ADHD標記訊息,但對社會距離知覺則無影響。如果只有出現行為訊息,師生對出現適當行為、未描述行為訊息的學校適應預測與社會距離知覺優於出現ADHD行為訊息。二、如果同時出現標記與行為訊息,當學童出現適當行為或未描述行為時,ADHD標記會影響師生在學校適應產生負向預測,但出現ADHD行為訊息時,不同標記訊息對學校適應預測與社會距離覺知則無影響,ADHD行為訊息主要影響師生在學校適應預測與社會距離產生負向知覺。三、標記和行為訊息在標記過程的影響,發現單獨出現標記時,改善標記名稱確實有其功效,個體容易如標記理論所談的簡化社會認知的過程,但如提供ADHD標記和其它相關訊息時,如行為描述時,則個體對標記的知覺就不易被簡化,而會受到比較重要的訊息影響,本研究發現ADHD行為描述比標記訊息對社會認知歷程的影響來得重要,另外,角色也會影響個體對知覺反應的影響。最後根據於本研究結果與發現,分別就教育實務與未來研究提出相關建議供參考。 |
英文摘要 | The main purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of ADHD label and behavioral information on teachers' and peers' perception. The effects of the different labeling and behavioral description were designed as 2 x 3 x 3 experiment. Three different labels encompassed ADHD, energetic and normal, and three different behavioral information were described as ADHD-type behavior, normal behavior, and no description. There were 270 regular elementary school teachers and 270 fifth-graded students in Taipei county participating in this study. All participants were randomly assigned to read one of the nine vignettes, which described a boy with one of the tree labels and his typical daily behavior. All the subjects were asked to complete The Perception of Label and Behavior inventory after reading the assigned vignette. Three major results were found as follows: 1. When different labeling were presented, the energetic and normal label information had a more positive impact on teachers' and peers' judgment of school adjustment prediction. But there were no different on the perception of social distance. When different behavioral information were presented, the normal behavior and no description information had a more positive impact than ADHD behavior on teachers' and peers' judgment of school adjustment prediction and social distance. 2. The results revealed that the ADHD behavioral information showed a significant negative impact on teachers' and peers' judgment of school adjustment prediction and social distance. When normal or non-descriptive behavior was presented, ADHD label had a negative impact ton teachers' and peers' perception of school adjustment prediction. 3. The results indicated that the ADHD behavioral information, but not the label, had a significant negative impact on teachers' and peers' judgments. The findings suggested that labels did not play an important role in how teachers and peers perceived and than labeling theory in relation to special education needed to be reconsidered. Implications for the practice and the further research were recommended on the basis of the findings of this study. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。