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題名 | 水庫線性標的規劃模式與其對偶模式--網絡解釋=A Linear Goal Programming Model and Its Dual for Reservoir Planning--Network Interpretations |
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作者 | 劉佳明; | 書刊名 | 農業工程學報 |
卷期 | 50:1 2004.03[民93.03] |
頁次 | 頁1-11 |
分類號 | 443.96 |
關鍵詞 | 水庫運轉; 水庫規劃; 線性規劃; 標的規劃; 網絡規劃; 凸規劃; Reservoir operations; Reservoir planning; Goal programming; Linear programming; Network programming; |
語文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 本文藉簡單案例說明水庫線性標的規劃模式與其對偶模式,並以位勢與流量網絡分別解釋這對原、偶模式,位勢網絡呈現水庫供需運轉的歷程,流量網絡則展示水庫接受替代服務的價格條件。 標的規劃模式考慮水庫的蓄洪、供水與貯水三類服務功能,各時期各功能的收益是其供應量的片段線性函數,供應量在最小值與標的值之間的收益線性增加,之後維持特定值不變。因此上述各項服務都有一對需求參數(標的值與最小值),它們衡量水庫各功能項的需求程度或服務水準,而且分別就是模式一對限制式的右端常數。在水庫維持模式最佳方案的情況下,任一需求參數變動時,水庫收益隨之變動,其單位參數的收益變動率就是該參數的(影子)價格,這些價格組成一個方案,也就是對偶模式所求:水庫同業在提供替代服務時,為使收益最高,如何決定能為水庫所接受的需求參數價格方案。 原、偶模式的這一對位勢與流量網絡,其節點與管線配置相同,但是變數(位勢或流量)與變數關係式則不同,分別對應於原、偶模式的變數與限制條件。透過這一對網絡自然生動的觀點,可以全面而又深入的了解與掌握原、偶模式的基本結構,這與傳統模式近乎黑箱的作業方式有相當的區別,因此,它們是探討水庫運轉機制、分析需求參數影子價格、處理模式資料結構與演算法的理想工具。 |
英文摘要 | Both potential network model for reservoir planning and its dual flow network model for sensitivity analysis are explained in their network contexts with simple examples. The primal model concerns reservoir capacity analysis and operations planning. The three function services of the reservoir considered are: reserved space for flood control, water supply, and pooling of water. The reservoir is operated to meet minimum demands for each service item in each period. The profit for each service item is a piecewise linear function of its supply. Ti is linearly increased with the supply between the minimum demand and the goal, but remains constant for any supply more than the goal. The total profit from all services is to be maximized. The dual model is for analyzing the shadow prices of functional goals and minimum demands in each period. It is constructed from the viewpoint of a purchaser who proposes the trade for all the services. This is possible only when the purchaser convinces the reservoir management of the trade that causes no decrease in the profit and these convincing terms constitute the constrains of the dual model. The objective function of the purchaser is to minimize the total cost of purchasing the services. |
本系統之摘要資訊系依該期刊論文摘要之資訊為主。