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題 名 | 黑格爾對近代契約論之批判=Hegel's Critique of Social Contract Theory |
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作 者 | 王志輝; | 書刊名 | 東吳哲學學報 |
卷 期 | 9 2004.03[民93.03] |
頁 次 | 頁37-83 |
分類號 | 147.51 |
關鍵詞 | 契約論; 自然法; 抽象法; 市民社會; 現代國家之現代性; Social contract theory; Natural law; Abstract right; Civil society; The modernity of modern state; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 黑格爾的政治哲學始於對近代契約論之批判,乃是一個不爭的事實。然而,代表其成熟政治思想的《法哲學》一書所表現的批判色彩,卻經常被忽視。因此,本文的主旨是,以青年時期黑格爾對契約論之批判態度為線索,來解讀其晚年《法哲學》一書;並藉由揭示其中的批判態度,來重新說明整個黑格爾政治思想之聯貫性。 同時,本文試圖展示,晚年的黑格爾面對契約論亦非一個單向、片面的批判態度,而是一個兩面的「批判式重構」態度。這個態度,反映在他《法哲學》之「市民社會理論」中;而這個態度,構成了晚年黑格爾政治哲學與古希臘城邦政治思想差異之最大關鍵點。因為,「批判式重構」意謂著,黑格爾其實也「承認」了近代契約論原則對於現代世界之正當性,而並非一廂情願以亞里斯多德政治學為藍圖批判近代個人主義。因此,由此態度為出發點的「市民社會」理論可說構成了黑格爾國家理論之「現代性」之必要基礎。 |
英文摘要 | It is an undoubted fact that Hegel's political philosophy begins with his critique of modern Social Contract Theory. But the critical issues represented in his political-philosophical classic Elements of Philosophy of Right would be likewise often neglected. This paper attempts therefore to interpret the Elements of Philosophy of right in the clue of the critical issues which Hegel developed in his early years with respect to the Social Contract Theory. With demonstrating Hegel's critical standpoints in that work, we may also show the continuity in the entire development of his political philosophy. Besides, this paper tries to show that the later Hegel in his concern of the Social-Contract theory should not be considered in a one-sided manner of critique, but in a more comprehensive way of "critical reconstruction". This way of "critical reconstruction", which dominates his construction of "civil society" in the Elements of Philosophy of Right, constitutes likewise the crucial difference between the political philosophy of the later Hegel and the ancient Greek political thoughts. For "critically reconstructing the Social Contract Theory" means that Hegel in fact also recognizes the legitimacy of its principles and their meanings for the modern world. This means undoubtedly that Hegel is not is a one-sided manner intended to manage the Aristotelian political philosophy as an ideal to approach the modern individualism. Therefore, Hegel's theory of "civil society", which proceeds from that way of "critical reconstruction", constitutes so to speak the necessary foundation for his proving the "modernity" of modern state. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。