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題名 | Effect of Leaf Position and Age on Anatomial Structure, Photosynthesis, Stomatal Conductance and Transpiration of Asian Pear=亞洲梨葉位元和葉齡對解剖結構、光合作用、氣孔導度及蒸散作用的影響 |
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作者 | 謝深喜; 羅先實; | 書刊名 | Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica |
卷期 | 44:4 2003.10[民92.10] |
頁次 | 頁297-303 |
分類號 | 435.312 |
關鍵詞 | 亞洲梨; 解剖結構; 葉位; 葉齡; 光合作用; 氣孔導度; 蒸散作用; Anatomical structure; Leaf position; Leaf age; Photosynthesis; Stomatal resistance; Transpiration; |
語文 | 英文(English) |
中文摘要 | 在田間條件下,研究了7年生亞洲梨一黃花、金水二號 (Pyrus serotina Rehd. cv. cultarehd.) 不同葉位元和葉齡對解剖結構、光合作用、氣孔導度及蒸散作用的影響。葉片解剖結構隨葉位元不同而異,從枝條基部葉到頂部葉,柵欄組織厚度增加、海綿組織厚度減少。從頂部葉到基部葉,葉肉細胞空隙逐漸減少。金水二號完全展葉需要 25 天,黃花只需要 20 天。兩品種的淨光合作用 (Pn) 和氣孔導度 (Gs) 隨 葉齡的增加而增加,在葉片生長初期這種趨勢更加明顯。當葉片完全展後,淨光合作用達到最大值。枝條基部老葉的蒸散作用、蒸氣壓差比頂部新葉的強。枝條上第 3 片葉到第 16 片葉的蒸散率、蒸氣壓飽和差較高。枝條基部老葉及頂部新葉的氣孔阻力較大,淨光合率較低。 |
英文摘要 | The effects of leaf position and leaf age on gas exchange, transpiration, stomatal resistance, and anatomical structure of seven-year-old trees of Asian pear cv. Huanghua and Jingshiu II (Pyrus serotina Rehd. cv. culta rehd.) were examined under field conditions. Individual leaves were monitored from unfolding to maturation, and detailed measurements were made on leaves at various node positions and leaf ages. The anatomical structure varied according to the node position of the leaf, with palisade thickness increasing and the thickness of spongy mesophyll decreasing from the base to the apex of the branch. Intercellular space fraction of leaves decreased from the apex to the base of a shoot. "Huanghua" leaves took 20 days for full expansion while "Jingshiu II" required 25 days. Net photosynthesis (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of both genotypes increased with leaf age, particularly in the early stage. Pn reached a maximum value when the leaf was completely expanded. Leaves at different developmental stages from the apical position to the base performed differently. The transpiration rate and the vapor pressure deficit of older leaves on the base of the branch were higher than those of the younger leaves at the apex of the branch. Leaves at node 3 to 16 had higher saturation vapor pressure and transpiration rates. Both the apical and basal leaves had higher stomatal resistance and lower net photosynthesis than leaves in an intermediate position. |
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