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| 題 名 | 中國南方民族的天地調整神話=Myths of the Sky-earth Readjustment from the Tribes of Southern China |
|---|---|
| 作 者 | 莊美芳; | 書刊名 | 美和技術學院學報 |
| 卷 期 | 22:2 2003.09[民92.09] |
| 頁 次 | 頁71-87 |
| 分類號 | 282 |
| 關鍵詞 | 開天闢地神話; 創世神話; 神話; Creation myths; Myth; Genesis; |
| 語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
| 中文摘要 | 天地調整神話屬於開天闢地神話的一個部分，講述在天地形成以後，天與地造得並不理想，需經過第二個階段的調整工夫，將相連或相近的天地分離，使得天高高的升起，或是把天小地大的土地擠縐，形成高低起伏的高山平原河谷，讓天地能夠扣合，天與地的位置與樣貌變成人們慣常居處的環境。神話裡推究了天象地貌的來源，是一種解釋型的神話。 天地分離是天地調整神話中最主要的觀念，是全世界的母題型式。其中的成分包括，a.起初天和地很接近甚至相連、或是天很低；b.造成極大的災難，如天很熱、或是太陽很多、人們不能直立做事、或是草木無法長直；c.將天地分離，或是將天舉高，卻很少提到地向下移動以解除災難。第三點是神話的中心，用以解釋天很高的視覺意象。天很熱與太陽很多敘述情節，正與南方炎熱的氣候相符合，這正可用以解釋這類神話多數分布於南方卻少見於北方的原因。天地分離的方式，有手頂腳蹬與拿取工具兩種，前者是較為原始素樸的想法也最為常見，而所選用的工具，幾手都是生活中常見的物品，某幾類同時兼具祭儀的功能。 天地古合的天地調整型神話，包含以下的成分，a.原始是天小地大；b.把地現縐；c.出現山河平原等。第三個是神話的中心，側重於闡釋大地顯現凹凹凸凸縐縮地貌的來源，而常伴隨出現的天像個蓋子般蓋住大地的成份只是其中的一個副中心。在扣合天地的方式上多數是較為素樸直觀的用手推擠現縐大地，另有用針織線縫的方式。 天地分離一類在南方所有族群�堻ㄕ陶o個主題的相關描述，數量繁多且普遍，實屬整個南方區域緎的神譯。天扣合一類數量相對較少，目前只見於南方民族，如氐羌、百越、苗蠻等族群，但是臺灣原住民並不見有這一類型的神話。 |
| 英文摘要 | Myths about the sky-earth readjustment are art of the beginning of the world. The myths describe the inadequacy position of the sky and earth after they were created. Consequently, a readjustment was needed to break or form the conjunction between the sky and the earth. In the myths, the sky was raised to separate it from the earth; or the earth was crumpled to shape mountains, valleys, and plains in order to produce the conjunction. Therefore, the living environment for human being was created. The myths in which the themes of the sky-earth readjustment are present infer the origin of the universe. These types of myths are explanatory myths. The separation and conjunction between the sky and the earth are two different types of readjustment. In the myths, most of the tools used to readjust the position of sky and earth were ordinary apparatuses. Some of the tools were also used for rituals. The theme involving the separation between the sky and earth are often seen in the myths form Southern China. The myths with this common theme can be summed up as a regional myth. The theme which involves creating the connection between the sky and earth is relatively uncommon in the myths from southern China, appearing only in the stories from Di-qiang, Yui, and Miao-yao groups. This theme has not been found in the stories from the aboriginal groups in Taiwan. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。