頁籤選單縮合
題 名 | 社會福利改革的效應--美國地方社會福利政策的再思=The Effects of Social Welfare Reform: A Study of American Welfare Policy at the Local Level |
---|---|
作 者 | 李翠萍; | 書刊名 | 空大行政學報 |
卷 期 | 13 2003.08[民92.08] |
頁 次 | 頁105-134 |
分類號 | 548.2252 |
關鍵詞 | 社會福利; 地方社會福利政策; 系統思考; 系統動力學; Social welfare; Local social welfare policy; System thinking; System dynamics; |
語 文 | 中文(Chinese) |
中文摘要 | 美國之社會福利支出,在一九三五年社會安定法通過之後日益增加,聯邦政府不斷亟思改革之道,直至一九九六年柯林頓政府的社會福利改革,徹底顛覆了美國社會福利的本質,除欲藉此重新整頓龐雜的社福系統,並期能控制成長中的社福支出。然而,此改革的目標能否如預期達成,眾說紛紜。本研究企圖以系統動力學中回饋機制的觀點,分析社會福利系統內主要行動者間的互動關係,並藉此探討系統內部導致政策目標無法達成的原因。研究結果發現,社會福利改革的部份政策,會啟動系統中某些回饋機制,導致非預期效應的出現,而抵銷了政策的預期效應,使政策的預定目標無法全然達成。本研究認為,透過宏觀的角度,可以幫助決策者對社福政策的效應有較全面的了解。 |
英文摘要 | The social welfare expenditures in the U.S. have increased dramatically since the Social Security Act of 1935. Though various stages of innovation, the social welfare reform of 1996 under Clinton Administration changed the nature of the social welfare system completely.The objective of the reform is not only to rearrange the massive welfare system, but also to mitigate the increase in welfare expenditures. Therefore, weather the reform could reach its pre-set goals is of great concern. This study builds on the tradition of studying the feedback mechanisms that generate unintended policy outcomes with the aim of improving policy innovations. The model in this research elucidates feedback mechanisms where welfare policies that were intended to achieve goals touch off unforeseen consequences. This research examines the dynamic impacts and consequences of various policies by analyzing the interactions among major welfare actors, and therefore provides the information regarding the factors causing past policies' failure to control the welfare expenditures. By means of information provided by this study, policy makers will have a more comprehensive view about welfare policy effects. |
本系統中英文摘要資訊取自各篇刊載內容。